IAJPR

Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

ISSN NO.: 2231-6876
AUGUST 2019
1

ROLE OF PHARMACIST IN PHARMACOVIGILANCE

Kaur Ramanjeet, Patil H.C, Middha Hridyanshi, Nehal Navdeep
AIPBS, Adesh University, Bathinda-151001, Punjab, INDIA.

In the situation of increasing range and strength of medicines, safety of medicines is the key parameter along with therapeutic efficacy for favorable outcome of any drug. India is now a preferred clinical trials port of call for drug entities to be launched. By viewing the increasing incidences, dug related mortality rate, proper identification of ADR’s, reporting, evaluation and understanding of adverse drug reaction leads to the development of pharmacovigilance. Pharmacovigilance is branch of pharmacological science censorious to effective clinical practices and public health with immense ability of growth. This article summarizes aims, objectives and methods of pharmacovigilance and characterization of ADR’s.1 


 


2

THE BURDEN OF EPILEPSY AND IMPACT OF ANTI-EPILEPTIC MEDICATIONS ON COGNITION AND PSYCHOMOTOR FUNCTIONING: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Madeeha Malik*, Sehrish Malik, Azhar Hussain, Ayisha Hashmi
Hamdard Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hamdard University Islamabad, Pakistan.

Introduction: Adverse effects associated with the use of antiepileptic agents are one of the leading cause of treatment failure in people with epilepsy. Potential of antiepileptic agents to adversely impact cognition and behavior is of serious concern as these are major therapeutic modalities for seizure control. The literature review aims to identify and review the burden of disease, barriers to effective management, medication trends of epilepsy and impact of anti-epileptic drugs on cognition and psychomotor functioning worldwide. Material and Methodology: A total of 55 studies were retrieved from databases related to epilepsy and psychomotor function. The studies were categorized on the basis of their country of publishing into developed countries, developing countries, and Pakistan. Results: The results of the review concluded that there is a need to monitor cognitive impairment in epilepsy patients on anti-epileptic therapy. Patients using older anti-epileptics such as benzodiazepines and carbamazepine reported higher cognition deficits whereas those using newer agents such as levetiracetam therapy appeared to have better cognition. Conclusion: There is a need to initiate educational campaigns and training of health professionals and volunteers about epilepsy, its management and early detection of cognitive disabilities among patients on antiepileptic drug therapy. 


 


3

FORMULATION AND IN VITRO EVALUATION OF HUMECTANT MUCOADHESIVE BUCCAL TABLETS

Safoora Naaz*, Dr. Venkateshwar Reddy, Dr. Niranjan Panda
Anwarul Uloom College of Pharmacy, Mallepally, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India.

The objective of present studies was to develop a Sumatriptan succinate buccal mucoadhesive tablet using mucoadhesive polymers such as HPMC K4M, ethyl cellulose and guar gum in alone and in combination as release retarding agent to prolong the drug release, to increase mucoadhesive strength and to avoid first pass metabolism. The mucoadhesive buccal tablets were prepared by wet granulation method. The prepared granules of all the formulations were evaluated for precompression parameters to ensure flow properties during tablet punching. The prepared mucoadhesive buccal tablets were evaluated for physicochemical parameters such as hardness, thickness uniformity, weight variation, and moisture absorption studies. The prepared buccal tablets were also evaluated for mucoadhesive strength and in vitro drug release dissolution studies. The drug excipients compatibility was evaluated by FTIR and DSC studies. Ex vivo mucoadhesive strength, and in vitro release studies showed that formulation SMF6 containing all the three polymers combination showed satisfactory bioadhesive and exhibited optimum drug release (99.33 % after 10hrs). FTIR and DSC results showed no evidence of interaction between the Sumatriptan succinate and mucoadhesive polymers. Hence different mucoadhesive polymers (HPMC K4M, ethyl cellulose and guar gum) in various proportions can be used to prepare mucoadhesive buccal tablets of Sumatriptan succinate having prolonged therapeutic effect with enhanced patience compliance by avoiding first pass metabolism. 


 


4

RECENT ADVANCES IN THE DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF DIABETIC NEUROPATHY

Aarti Pokhriyal*, Preeti Kotiyal, Arun Kumar
Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shri Guru Ram Rai University, Patel Nagar, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder of carbohydrate, fat, protein metabolism and it’s a major health problem worldwide. Over last century change in human behaviour and lifestyle responsible for dramatically increased its incidences. Diabetic neuropathy is a microvascular and most common complication of Diabetes, characterized by pain in peripheral nervous system. DPN is difficult to detect due to its insidious onset and heterogeneous clinical manifestation. However early diagnosis is recommended and several clinical diagnosis methods are available such as clinical signs and symptoms, quantitative sensory and electro diagnostic testing, apart from that recently corneal confocal microscopy a new ophthalmic imaging technique is used for detection of small nerve fiber injury. Because DPN have multifactorial pathophysiology so current strategies for management of DPN is: symptomatic treatment, pathogenic treatment, reducing risk factors and glycaemic control. 


 


5

A STUDY ON ASSESSING PRESCRIBING PATTERN OF ANTIBIOTICS IN GERIATRIC PATIENTS

Bindhu T*, Suresh Kumar P, Nithila SMJ, Satish Chandra A, Jagannath Patro V
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Browns College of Pharmacy, Khammam, Telangana, India.

Objective: Rational use of antibiotics is extremely important an injudicious use can adversely affect the patient, cause emergence of antibiotic resistance and increase health care cost. Aim:A prospective observational study was carried out in the department of general medicine at Cure Emergency Hospital critical care & trauma centre, Khammam from June 2017 to November 2017. The aim of the study was to assess the prescribing pattern of antibiotics used in geriatric patients. Methodology: The data was collected in a specially designed data collection form, from the case sheets of inpatients and OPD cards of outpatients of the enrolled geriatric patients. Results and Discussion: The study result showed that there were a total of 312 cases prescribed with 432 antibiotics. The study revealed that, in 94(30.10%) patients culture sensitivity test have not been performed. The major disorders for which antibiotic were prescribed, was 42(13.46%) URTI, and followed by38(12.20%)LRTI, 32(10.26%)GIT infections and 30(9.61%)Fever from unknown origin cases.Results showed that most prescribed class of antibiotics were Penicillin’s, followed by Cephalosporins, Aminoglycosides. Conclusion: From this study it’s been concluded that the prescribing of antibiotics in a appropriate manner is helpful for the increasing quality of life in case of geriatric patients. So that there may be clear implement of antibiotic policy and need a versatile research on usage of antibiotics. 


 


6

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF BACLOFEN EXTENDED RELEASE TABLETS.

Suresh Kumar .P*, Madhva Rao .S .Jagannath Patro.V, Vanitha .S .Bindhu .T, Sunitha .CH
Department of Pharmaceutics, Browns College of Pharmacy, Khammam, Telangana,India.

The aim of the present study was to develop Extended release formulation of Baclofen to maintain constant therapeutic levels of the drug for over 12 hrs. Guar gum, sodium alginate and carbopol 940 were employed as polymers. All the formulations were passed various physicochemical evaluation parameters and they were found to be within limits. Whereas from the dissolution studies it was evident that the formulation (F6) showed better and desired drug release pattern i.e., 96.32% in 12 hours. It contains the sodium alginate as Extended release material. It followed Zero order release kinetics mechanism.