IAJPR

Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

ISSN NO.: 2231-6876
JANUARY 2020
1

SELECTION OF AN EFFICIENT INDIGENOUS ARBUSCULAR MYCORHIZAL FUNGUS FOR COFFEA ARABICA L. OF NILGIRI DISTRICT, TAMILNADU, INDIA.

S. Rajeshkumar1*, M. C. Nisha2

1Government Arts College, Udhagamandalam, The Nilgiris- 643006, Tamilnadu, India.

2Emerald Heights College for Women, Udhagamandalam, the Nilgiris- 643006, Tamilnadu, India.

The present study was undertaken to screen and select an efficient Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and also to study its effect on growth, biomass and nutrition in Coffea arabica L. of Nilgiri District. A poly bag trial was conducted at Government Arts College, Ooty. Seven dominant native AM fungi Acaulospora scorbiculata, Gigaspora margarita, Glomus aggregatum, Glomus fasciculatum, Glomus geosporum, Glomus mosseae, and Scutellospora heterogama isolated from different coffee plantations of Nilgiris were tested for their symbiotic efficiency against coffee plants. The growth and biomass in 6 months, 10 months, 14 months and 18 months and nutrient level of 18 months seedlings of seven different AM fungi inoculated plants were recorded. In general, inoculated plants showed increased plant height, number of leaves and biomass compared to control plants without am fungi inoculum. The plant growth, biomass and nutrient were maximum in plants inoculated with Glomus mosseae followed by those inoculated with Glomus aggregatum. Considering the various parameters such as plant growth, biomass and nutritional status of the plant, it was observed that Glomus mosseae is the best AM symbiont for C. arabica L. used in this experiment. The present study was undertaken to screen and select an efficient Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and also to study its effect on growth, biomass and nutrition in Coffea arabica L. of Nilgiri District. A poly bag trial was conducted at Government Arts College, Ooty. Seven dominant native AM fungi Acaulospora scorbiculata, Gigaspora margarita, Glomus aggregatum, Glomus fasciculatum, Glomus geosporum, Glomus mosseae, and Scutellospora heterogama isolated from different coffee plantations of Nilgiris were tested for their symbiotic efficiency against coffee plants. The growth and biomass in 6 months, 10 months, 14 months and 18 months and nutrient level of 18 months seedlings of seven different AM fungi inoculated plants were recorded. In general, inoculated plants showed increased plant height, number of leaves and biomass compared to control plants without am fungi inoculum. The plant growth, biomass and nutrient were maximum in plants inoculated with Glomus mosseae followed by those inoculated with Glomus aggregatum. Considering the various parameters such as plant growth, biomass and nutritional status of the plant, it was observed that Glomus mosseae is the best AM symbiont for C. arabica L. used in this experiment.




2

A REVIEW ON SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF SUBSTITUTED APIGENIN DERIVATIVES

Shyam R. Deshmukh, Krishna R. Gupta*, Atul T. Hemke, Milind J. Umekar
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, Kamptee, Nagpur, Maharashtra, 441002, India.

Apigenin belonging to the flavone class that is the aglycon of several naturally occurring glycosides constitute an important class of compounds. In recent year flavone analogues and derivatives have attracted strong interest due to their useful biological and pharmacological properties. The flavone nucleus is present in compounds involved in research aimed at evaluating new products that possess biological activities, such as antiproliferative, antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The present review focuses on the different methods of the substituted apigenin derivative with potential activities that are now in development for the enhancement of bioavailability and therapeutic activity. 


 


3

A REVIEW ON MUCOADHESIVE MICROSPHERES AS AN EFFICIENT DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

Syed Tazib Rahaman*, Joy Mukherjee
GITAM Institute of Pharmacy; GITAM (Deemed to be University); Visakhapatnam; India.

Microspheres establish a significant piece of novel medication drug delivery framework by ideals of their little size and proficient bearer limit. Due to their short living arrangement time, bioadhesive qualities can be coupled to microspheres to create mucoadhesive microspheres. Bioadhesion can be characterized as the state wherein two materials, at any rate one of which is organic in nature, are held together for a delayed timespan by methods for interfacial powers. Microspheres are the transporter connected medication drug delivery framework in which molecule size is ranges from 1-1000 ?m extend in breadth having a center of medication and completely external layers of polymer as covering material. Mucoadhesive microspheres have focal points like productive retention and improved bioavailability of the medicates because of a high surface to volume proportion, a substantially more private contact with the bodily fluid layer, controlled and continued arrival of medication from measurement structure and explicit focusing of medications to the ingestion site. Our review aims to give an outline of different parts of mucoadhesive microsphere dependent on different polymers, strategy of readiness of mucoadhesive microspheres, strategy for assessment and their applications in drug delivery. 


 


4

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF ROSUVASTATIN AND ASPIRIN DOSAGE IN COMBINE DOSAGE FORM

Shubham D. Chaudhari, Sachin S. Rane, Prof. (Dr.) Rajesh Y. Chaudhari,Prof. (Dr.) Vijay R. Patil
Hon’ble Loksevak Madhukarrao Chaudhari College of Pharmacy, Faizpur. Tal. Yawal Dist. Jalgaon Maharashtra. PIN- 425503.

A simple, robust, precise, UV spectroscopic method has been developed for the simultaneous estimation of Rosuvastatin and Aspirin in bulk and capsule dosage forms. In this paper the estimation of those drugs was carried out by absorbance ratio method. This method is based on measurement of absorption at 239nm and 233nm i.e, ?max of Rosuvastatin and Aspirin respectively. The linearity observed for Rosuvastatin is in the range of 4 to14 ?g/ml and for Aspirin is in the range of 20 to 60 ?g/ml. The accuracy of method was found to be within the range of 99.62%-99.73% for both Rosuvastatin and Aspirin respectively. The developed method was validated with respect to linearity, accuracy and precision. The method can be employed for estimation of pharmaceutical formulations with no interference from any excipients and diluents. The results were validated as per ICH guidelines. 


 


5

SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIHYPERTENSIVE ACTIVITY OF PYRIDAZINONE DERIVATIVES

Vikash Jakhmola1, Sunil Jawla2, Ravinesh Mishra3, Ranjeet singh1
1Adarsh Vijendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shobhit University, Gangoh, Saharanpur-247341, Uttar Pradesh, India
2Department of Pharmacy, GRD (PG) IMT, Dehradun-248009 Uttarakhand, India.
3School of Pharmacy and Emering Sciences, Baddi University of Emerging Sciecnes and Technology, Baddi (Solan)-173205, Himachal Pradesh, India.

The main objective present research work to synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of pyridazine analogues. To study the different synthesized derivative by using different analytical parameters like IR, Mass and NMR analysis. And also find out the antihypertensive activity. The studies on the hydralazine group drugs led to the synthesis of many pyridazinone derivatives with a wide activity spectrum on cardiovascular system. Pyridazinone derivatives, a class of compounds containing the N-N bond, exhibit a wide range of pharmacological activities such as antidepressant, antihypertensive, and cardiotonic etc.Some 6-(substituted phenyl)-2-(substituted methyl)-4,5-dihydropyridazin-3(2H)-one derivatives were synthesized by reacting 6-Phenyl substituted 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro pyridazin-3-one with cyclic secondary amine under Mannich reaction conditions. The final compounds (vj1-vj15) were evaluated for antihypertensive activities by non invasive method using Tail Cuff method. The current work describes the synthesis of pyridazinone derivatives with encouraging in vivo antihypertensive activity by non-invasive method using Tail Cuff method. Compound number vj8, and vj12 were found to show highly significant reduction in mean arterial blood pressure. The current work describes the synthesis of pyridazinone derivatives with encouraging in vivo antihypertensive activity by non-invasive method using Tail Cuff method. 


 


6

SYNTHESIS OF AMIDES BY ACTIVATION OF CARBOXYLIC ACIDS USING PHOSPHONITRILIC CHLORIDE

Jitendra S. Pulle
Department of Chemistry, S.G.B. College, Purna (Jn.), Dist. Parbhani (M.S.), India.

A practical and efficient method has developed for the amidation of carboxylic acids using phosphonitrilic chloride trimer (PNT). We identified PNT for these transformations as an effective one pot procedure. The method is suitable alternative to traditional amidation. A variety of useful amides were prepared. Aromatic as well as aliphatic carboxylic acids have been reacted converted into corresponding amides in excellent yields. 


 


7

STUDY OF INTERACTION (COMPATIBILITY) AND EVALUATION OF SOLUBILITY OF ACETYL SALICYLIC ACID IN PRESENCE OF EXCIPIENT LYSINE

Shanthala H.K.* Dr. Jayaprakash H.V, Dr.S.J. Shankar
Sri Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumakuru.
Department of Chemistry, Sri Siddhartha Institute of Technology, Tumakuru.
Vivekananda College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru.

Studies of pharmaceutical drug/active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) compatibility represent an important phase in the design or development of new formulation stage and drug delivery systems. Excipients in the formulations influence the chemical nature, stability, manufacturability, drug bioavailability or delivery of the drug to the patient. Acetyl Salicylic Acid (ASA) is one of the most widely used analgesic, which is poorly soluble in water and causes gastrointestinal irritation. Its cocrystal with Lysine (1:1 part by weight) were prepared in 50% aqueous ethanol and evaluated for Scanning Electron Microscopy, FT-IR spectra, X-ray diffraction, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and in vitro dissolution study. Acetyl Salicylic Acid-Lysine cocrystal were found to be disc shaped with rough surface in SEM, drug content in the complex was found to be 60% DSC thermograms PXRD and FT-IR confirmed the formation of the cocrystal. Solubility of the prepared cocrystal was found to be improved, ASA-Lysine cocrystal showed 96.62% release at 5 minutes and pure ASA showed 96.62% release at 120 minutes and commercial aspirin showed 96.62% release at 60 minutes at PH 4 acid buffer. It was concluded that ASA-Lysine in definite proportion by weight may be of potential use for improving the solubility of ASA and hence its bioavailability.. 


 


8

ASSESSMENT OF CULTURE AND SENSITIVITY OF MICROORGANISMS WITH VARIOUS ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS USED IN SURGERY DEPARTMENT IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN INDIA

Sanisha V Soman1*, Mahima Jose2, Deepa Koshy3, Abiya Susan Shibu4, Mrs. Nisha Pothen5
Department Of Pharmacology, Nazareth College Of Pharmacy, Othera, Thiruvalla.

The human skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) caused by microbial pathogens during or after surgical procedures result in significant morbidity, prolonged hospitalization and huge economic burden[1]. The wide spread and inappropriate use of antibiotics were resulted in antibiotic resistance pathogens and leads to prolongation of illness, exacerbation of present disease, ineffective treatment, high risk of morbidity increased patient cost and patient harm[2]. The aim of this study was to assess the culture and sensitivity of microorganisms with various antimicrobials used in surgery department in a tertiary care hospital in India. This prospective observational study was carried out with 181 patients who had undergone various surgeries in the General Surgery department of Muthoot Healthcare Pvt Ltd, Kozhencherry, for a period of 6 months to assess the culture and sensitivity of microorganisms with various antimicrobials. In this study it was found that slough excision has most infection rate of 85.71%, followed by incision and drainage. Most of the cases found to be culture negative (71.11%) and only 28.88% was found to be culture positive. The most commonly isolated organism is S.aureus (8.88%) followed by E.coli (8.14%). On antimicrobial susceptibility testing, Piperacillin / Tazobactam was the most effective drug because it was sensitive to majority of the organism isolated. The second most effective drugs were Ceftriaxone and Cefpirome. 


 


9

OPTIMIZE THE PROCESS PARAMETERS OF ROLLER COMPACTION STABLE AND ROBUST DOSAGE FORM: A REVIEW

Sujeet Kumar Das*, Praveen Kumar, Vikash Jakhmola
Department of Pharmacy , GRD (PG) IMT, Dehradun-248 009 Uttarakhand, India.

Roll compaction is a unit process in the dry compaction process; a force enhances a mass procedure in which granules are ready with suitable flowability, granulation properties, chemical stability and uniformity especially for heat sensitive and moisture formulations. Throughout the roll compaction process, the active ingredient and excipients of the dry powders, example lubricants, diluents, binders and disintegrants are mixed in the blender. The mixtures of powder are then roller granulated and reduces the size to make granules. The resultant granules are blended with lubricated and compressed into a tablet form. The current work was undertaken to prepare a stable and robust dosage form by optimizing the process parameters of roll- compaction. In roller compaction powder blend is first passed through feeding sector, then densified powder go through compaction sector between two counter rotary rolls and sheets are formed. Granules are passed through a suitable sieve and oversize & undersize granules are separated. New compaction cycle is performed if the suitable ratios of oversize and undersize granules are not achieved. Then these granules are blended and extragarnular substance is blended with previous blend. Blend is then subjected to compression for tablet preparation. Sheets are evaluated for their breaking force by using Universal Force TesterĀ® FMT 310. A sheet piece of 10 x 10 mm was placed in the test plate and the upper stamp was driven down towards the sheet with 10 mm/min of speed and breaking force is measured. The tablets made from roll compacted granules were found to be superior quality and all test revealed that evaluation parameters were under pharmacopoeial limits. With technological advances in drug development, dry granulation by roller compaction is more advantageous than wet granulation process with simple manufacturing process, low operational cost, no use of liquid solvent, large scale production and suitability for heat and moisture sensitive drug. objectives of the review article are to optimize the process parameters (Roll Compaction), optimize the blending parameters, perform the blend uniformity, evaluate the in-process parameters, and perform the dissolution study.