The present study describes preparation and evaluation of nanoparticulate systems containing losartan potassium by using polymers eudragit RS100 and eudragit RSPO by sonication method (Probe sonicator) for the treatment of hypertension to increase the oral bioavailability. The prepared Nanoparticles were evaluated for Surface morphology, Drug entrapment efficiency, Differential scanning colorimetry, particle size, FTIR, in-vitro drug release and stability studies. The prepared Nanoparticles are smooth in surface and showing spherical shape and average particle size of the Nanoparticles were found in the range of 300 nm to 500 nm. The drug entrapment efficiency (EE) of prepared nanoparticles were found in the range of 78.14% to 91.64%. The in-vitro drug release data of all the formulations were found to be zero order and shown maximum release over a period of 24hrs. The FTIR Spectra of Nanoparticles formulation are compared with the spectra of pure drug of losartan and there is no much deviation in the spectra’s and not observed any drug and polymer interactions. The short-term stability of optimized formulation was conducted for drug entrapment efficiency and In-vitro drug release studies, where results shown that there is no significant change in the formulation. 

Mothers after childbirth undergo various hormonal, emotional, physical and psychological changes. PPD (postpartum depression) can be mild to severe depending on the predisposing factors. A Cross sectional community study was conducted in Soldevanahalli village Bengaluru Rural for a period of 6 months. 254 mothers were screened using a self-designed questionnaire and 85 subjects were categorized as having suspected postpartum depression based on Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS). Descriptive analysis was done on socio-demographic variables, obstetric, neonatal, postnatal and psychosocial factors. Correlation was carried to analyse the factors associated with PPD. Overall prevalence of PPD was 33.5% among the subject population. Lower educational qualification and decreased family monthly income was found to be statistically significant with PPD.In this study certain factors were only considered which was selected based on the subject population, however there can be other factors that may be a cause in development of PPD.Although certain factors have minimal impact on postpartum depression, using a proven diagnostic approach can help reduce the incidence of PPD and its social repercussions.Identification of other such predisposing factors in a larger population and creating awareness about them in postpartummothers is an essential aspectin healthcare. 

Background: Various pharmacological agents were used to decrease intubation stress response, with their own limitations.Dexmedetomidine - alpha-2 agonist with analgesic action,less hypotension, better heart rate control and no respiratory depression in post intubation phase than fentanyl. We explore the use of non-opioid analgesic drugs toboth to reduce the risk of developing opioid addictionand its side effects. Objective: It was to compare the hemodynamic effect of dexmedetomidine and fentanyl ininduction techniques and the incidence of side effects in patients scheduled for head and neck cancer surgery. Method: In this prospective randomized, double blinded, control study one hundred patients ofASA physical status I &II, aged 18 to 60, MPG I and IIposted for elective head&neck cancer surgery were included.Before induction of anesthesia, patients were randomly divided into two equal groups. Group D received dexmedetomidine (1 ?g/kg) and group F received fentanyl (2 ?g/kg) over 10 minutesIV. No stimuli in any form allowed for 10 minutes of induction. Hemodynamic data collected till 15 minutes of induction. Result: In group F, heart rate increased following laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation and returned back to normal after 10 minutes. The attenuation in systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure was significantly better in the groupD than the group F. From3rd minute onwards after intubation,hemodynamic values werelower in group D than group F(p < 0.05). Antihypertensive drug requirement was higher in group F (p value < 0.05). Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine (1mcg/kg) is better than fentanyl for maintenance hemodynamic stability following laryngoscopy and nasal intubation and avoids opioid?related adverse effects, tolerance and hyperalgesia. 

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus is a common endocrine disorder. Glycemic control in Diabetes Mellitus is very important. Our aim in this study was to prove that Magnesium levels can be used a marker for the glycemic control in Diabetes Mellitus. Methods: A total of 118 patients who were diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus Type II by HbA1c were enrolled in this study. Detailed history, physical examination and relevant systemic examination was done. HbA1c levels, fasting blood glucose, post-prandial blood glucose levels and Mg levels were obtained from the patients. Results: The mean age of the patients was 47.96±6.89 years and the median age was 52 for males. Patients were divided in 2 groups as Mg levels <1.38mg/dl and >1.38mg/dl. We found that in patients with low levels of Mg (<1.38mg/dl), HbA1c was 9.45±1.28 and in patients with Mg levels of >1.38mg/dl, HbA1c was 7.01±0.95 (p value <0.001). FBS was 145.78±12.47mg/dl in patients with Mg levels <1.38 and 120.19±11.60mg/dl in patients with Mg levels >1.38(p value <0.001). PPS was 191.07±20.94mg/dl in patients with Mg levels <1.38 and 158.04±15.35mg/dl in patients with Mg levels >1.38(p value <0.001). Conclusion: Serum magnesium levels are inversely co-related with the glycemic control in type II Diabetes Mellitus. Poor glycemic control was seen with patients with low levels of Magnesium. 

The present research is aimed to develop and characterize Sulfasalazine loaded microsponges-based novel colon-specific drug delivery systems in a view to bypass the upper gastrointestinal tract (GIT) for enhanced therapeutic effect. Microsponges were developed by quasi emulsion solvent diffusion method by using two different polymers Eudragit L-100 and Ethyl cellulose in the ratio of 1:1, 1:0.75, 1:0.5,1:0.25. Among these formulations two were selected, sieved and compressed into tablets. Then tablets were evaluated. The F4 was selected as optimizedformulation based on % entrapment efficiency of 94.56%, and % cumulative drug release of 94.76.Release studies revealed that microsponges prevented the premature release of Sulfasalazine in upperGIT andspecifically released the drug at colonic pH.