The Objective of this study is to ascertain the knowledge, attitude and viewpoint regarding birth spacing among sexually active married female subjects located in suburban regions of Hyderabad, India. As stated by the WHO, Birth spacing refers to the time from one child birth to the next pregnancy, which must be at least 24 months. We found 41.6% of women in our study had a space of greater than 24 months between successive pregnancies. Background education of a women and proper knowledge of contraception can play a major role in achieving birth spacing and family planning.

Nanoparticles (NPs) have unique properties compared to their bulk counterparts, and they have potentials for various applications in many fields of life science. Green-synthesized NPs have garnered considerable interest due to their inherent features such as rapidity, eco-friendliness and cost-effectiveness. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of Saponin, Flavonoids, Steroids, Terpenoids, Triterpeniods. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized using an aqueous extract of Actinidia deliciosa fruit samples. The resulting nanoparticles were characterized by using UV-Visible Spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. The antimicrobial potential of the synthesized ZnO NPs against bacterial and fungal strains was examined by the disk diffusion method, and they showed a promising antibacterial and antifungal potential.The results showed antimicrobial effect of ZnO NPs of Actinidia deliciosa fruit samples on the selected Bacterial and Fungal strains.