Abstract

Cosmetics have become one of the daily necessities of all groups in society every year ,users were introduced to various new cosmetic products of the latest trend .lipstick is one of the beauty product that commands a unique market .the quality of lipstick is directly link to basic material use in the formulation. Natural ingredients based products are getting popular, as a public concerned toward long term effect of synthetic material in cosmetic formulation increased. In this work, natural colorants based lipsticks were produced. This formulation consists of oil mixtures, wax mixtures, bromo mixtures, colours, and other additives. It was prepared with beet root powder and natural food colour which gives pink colour as well as combination of cocoa powder, coffee and cinnamon gives chocolate brown colour. The lipstick were use previously contains organic colours which contain may harmful agents like lead, manganese, cadmium, etc. which are carcinogenic in nature and may leads to many side effects . By comparing both the combination one of the combination is better than other on the basis of appearance, colour, softening point and spreadability.

Abstract

India being a developing country in wealth but poor in health conditions of people due to lack of quality pharmacist and significance to the pharmacist. Out of total population in rural (around 68%), due to unhygienic conditions and lack of awareness they suffer from several communicable and infectious diseases and in urban people, even though they maintain hygienic conditions due to factors like pollution, lifestyle and stress they suffer from lifestyle diseases. The pharmacist is health professional who is easily available and accessable therefore he should be involved in prevention and treatment of the diseases. In this review, we will study in which generic medicines, Lifestyle modifications, establishing drug information centers, Preventing antibiotic resistance, Conducting smoking cessation and awareness programme’s, Improving the percent of immunization further focusing on Clinical research and Pharmacovigilance thus pharmacist has a role from dispensing to total patient care which improves the therapeutic outcomes of patients. The main criteria for these roles are interaction between the pharmacist and patient which needs a consultative area in each pharmacy. A change in nation’s health happens when government recognize the importance of pharmacist and provide opportunities to utilize his efforts to society.aspects the pharmacist should be involved for utilizing his efforts for development of health in society. A healthy Pharma nation can be achieved by involving a pharmacist in many aspects like the proper counseling to the patient, Educating people on importance of pharmacist and provide opportunities to utilize his efforts to society.

Abstract

In the present study Silver nanoparticles were synthesized from aqueous seaweed extract of Lobophora variegata. and characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X(EDX).Characterization by the above said instrument analysis confirmed the presence, size and stability of silver nanoparticles. After characterization, the silver nanoparticle was tested at 100?g-ml, 200?g-ml, 300?g-ml and 400?g-ml concentrations to check the bactericidal activity against clinical isolates of five bacterial pathogens. We observed that, if the concentration of seaweed nanoparticle increases, the zone of inhibition also get increased in all the test five clinical bacterial pathogens against streptomycin as control and result suggested the potential use of aqueous extract seaweed synthesized silver nanoparticles against other clinical pathogens.

Abstract

Objective: Effect of Hydrogen Sulfide Synthesis Enzyme Inhibition by histopathology in Psychological Stress-Induced Ulcers in Mice. Material and methods: Acute ulcers were induced in Swiss albino mice by using stress. The experimental groups consists of the following 2 groups: sender, responder groups. Sender animals received a foot shock of 10 sec duration at intervals of 50 sec for 3 hour. The electrical current for the shock 1.6 mA to 2.0 mA per hour for 3 day sender animals are changed daily. On day-3, after completing the foot-shock period, the responders were sacrificed, and their stomach were removed. Drug (O- carboxy methyl hydroxylamine hemihydrochloride) were administered intraperitoneally with low (2mg/kg), medium (5 mg/kg), high (10 mg/kg) dose daily for 3 days respectively, 30 min before the shock period. Resulted: The proper development of ulcer with an average ulcer index of 5 mg/kg was found to be 33.42 which is significant with respect to control group. CBS at a dose of 5 mg/kg significantly increased the ulcer formation, which was corroborated by histopathology studies. Conclusion: The present study that observed inhibition of H2S synthesis blocker exacerbated the psychological stress induced ulcer implicacy an important role of H2S in regulator of stress.

Abstract

Recent advances in novel drug delivery system to enhance the safety and efficacy of the drug molecule by formulating a dosage form being convenient for administration. A controlled drug delivery system with prolonged residence time in the stomach can be of great practical importance for drugs with an absorption window in the upper small intestine. The main limitations are attributed to the inter- and intra-subject variability of gastro-intestinal (GI) transit time and the non-uniformity of drug absorption throughout the alimentary canal. Floating drug delivery systems (FDDSs) are expected to remain buoyant in a lasting way upon the gastric contents and consequently to enhance the bioavailability of drugs. The various buoyant preparations include hollow microspheres, granules, beads and powders. Multiparticulate low-density particles can successfully prolong the gastric retention time of drugs. This article is a review of important approaches utilized in the preparation of floating multiparticulate systems, characterization of floating multiparticulate systems and recent research work done on floating multiparticulate systems.

Abstract

Objective: To prescreen the in vivo antiproliferative activity of the marine green alga Ulva lactuca Family Ulvaceae using the eukaryotic model organism Dictyostelium discoideum. Method: In the present study to investigate the effect of ulvan which was isolated from Ulva lactuca marine green alga was selected for phytochemical and antiproliferative activity. Antiproliferative activity was determined by inhibition of cell growth using Dictyostelium discoideum as a eukaryotic model organism. Result: Preliminary phytochemical screening of ethanolic extract of Ulva lactuca(EEUL) showed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, sterols, saponins, tannins, proteins and amino acids, mucilage, flavonoids and absence of volatile oil, fixed oils. Total phenolic and flavonoid content were found to be 13.678±1.6mg/ml and 1.25±0.06mg/ml respectively. Percentage of yield of ulvan obtained was 10% and its UV, IR spectral studies were performed. Total uronic acid was found to be 18.8%w/w. The antiproliferative assay using the eukaryotic model organism Dictyostelium discoideum showed that the ulvan is a good inhibitor of cell growth. The inhibition of cell growth by ulvan 4,5,6 ?g/ml were found to be 23,19,15X104 cells/ml on 4 th day. Conclusion: Ulva lactuca have been used in medicine due to various biological activities and as a food. This study indicates that the ulvan possesses potential anti mitotic and anti proliferative activity. The presence of ulvan and the attributed reported anti-oxidant activity appears to contribute to its activity. Further investigation requires to confirm this activity.

Abstract

An efficient method for the synthesis of 4,6-diarylpyrimidin-2(1H)-ones or thiones by using SiO2.CAA. The condensation of acetophenone, aldehydes and urea or thiourea in the presence of silica supported catalyst was employed to synthesize a variety of pyrimidinones or thiones in excellent yields. The remarkable feature of this synthetic pathway is simple workup, shorter reaction times, high yields.

Abstract

Medicinal plants have always been associated with cultural and traditional believes and knowledge. Traditional Medicine constitutes 75-80% of the world’s population, mainly in developing countries, for various primary health care activities due to a better cultural acceptability. Phytomedicines obtained from herbal sources are in great demand as they are able to cure many infectious diseases. Matricaria recutita, an herbaceous plant that belongs to compositae family, locally called as chamomile, is used as wound, ulcer, rheumatic pain and other Aliments treatment including fever in children. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the antipyretic activities of the aqueous and ethanol extracts of flower heads of Matricaria recutita in mice. Qualitative experimental study was done in mice. Rectal temperature was recorded before and after inducing pyrexia as well after administration of the respective extracts every half an hour for three hours. Parallel experiments were conducted with the standard antipyretic (aspirin) and the negative control (distilled water). Both extracts showed significant antipyretic activity at the specified dose levels except for 100mg/kg aqueous extract. The antipyretic activities for both extracts were found to be dose dependent. No significant potency difference was observed for aqueous and ethanol extracts though the effects of aqueous extract were not statistically significant to the end of the experiment. In this pharmacological evaluation, the aqueous and ethanol extracts of dried flower heads from Matricaria recutita were extensively investigated for their antipyretic activities against yeast extract induced pyrexia model in mice. The statistically processed result supports that both extracts possess antipyretic activities. Further studies on the same plant at molecular level, to determine the mechanism of action and particular active ingredient responsible for antipyretic activity were recommended.

Abstract

One of the most important ways for non-invasive delivery of drugs is human skin. But some high molecular weight (> 500 Dalton) compounds can’t cross the skin. Such type of compounds require some novel techniques. Vesicular systems like liposomes, niosomes, proniosomes are mainly used for this purpose, they have the ability to transfer the high molecular weight compounds across the skin. This article mainly describes the significance of Proniosomes. Proniosomes are the water-soluble carrier particles covered with a nonionic surfactant. It has the potential advantages over liposomes and niosomes. The Proniosomal gel is one of the new vesicular system used for transdermal drug delivery. Proniosomal gel is a semisolid crystalline product of nonionic surfactant. This review provides an overview of preparation, formulation, evaluation of proniosomes and which are the herbal drugs formulated as a proniosomal gel.

Abstract

Introduction: A disease of the reproductive system defined by the failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. The demand for overcoming infertility is increasing year by year. Hence there is a quantum jump in the technology used in the diagnosis and therapy of infertility. Aim/ Objective: To observe the rationality among the prescriptions with principle aim to study the efficacy, tolerability, safety and cost-effectiveness of the drugs used in infertility cases and to evaluate the prescribing pattern and criteria for selection of drugs for infertility. Methodology: A retrospective, observational study was conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Owaisi Hospital and Research Centre, Hyderabad, India. The duration of the study was 15 month period from September 2015 to Dec 2016 on 300 consenting female infertility patients. Results: In our study 43% of patients belonged to age group 26-30. 45% were newly diagnosed patients,65.3 % of patients had primary infertility and whereas 34.6% had secondary infertility. Menstrual irregularity were the most common cause of infertility (36%). The patients were treated with drug alone depending on their age and cause of infertility. Clomiphene Citrate (12.76%) was the most common drug prescribed for ovulation induction.55.3 % of patients conceived during our study, women who failed to achieve pregnancy needed Assisted Reproductive Technology. The PDD and DDD was calculated to achieve rationality of prescriptions. Conclusion: Infertility is a critical component of reproductive health which is a global public health challenge. The use of pharmacoepidemological data can help in designing, delivering and evaluating many interventions to improve the use of fertility drugs and outcome of patients as Infertility is a global health issue.

Abstract

Hand hygiene is vital principle and exercise in the prevention, control and reduction of health care acquired infections. To avoid the adverse effects like itching, irritation, dermatitis etc.,of the synthetic hand wash formulations an attempt has been made to formulate a polyherbal hand wash by using herbs which have antimicrobial property. The ethanolic extracts of leaves of Mimosa pudica (touch me not), Azadirachta indica(neem) and fruits of Sapindus mukorossi(reetha). The antimicrobial activity of prepared hand wash formulations was checked against skin pathogens Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli by cup plate method. Two herbal formulations showed significant antimicrobial activity than the commercially available standard hand wash(synthetic-dettol, herbal-pathanjali). So these plants materials can be used in the preparation of herbal hand wash on commercial scale.

Abstract

In the present study, an attempt was made to prepare oral Nanosuspension of Nebivolol (a beta1 blocker), in order increase drug solubility and to overcome bioavailability problems, to reduce dose dependent side effects and frequency of administration. Nanosuspension containing the drug was prepared by precipitation method using combinations of polymers (such as tween 80, tween 20, soluplus, PEG 200, PEG 400 and methanol) in to 12 formulations F1to F12. Subsequent drying was done by spray drying method to form dried nanosuspensions. The Nanosuspensions were evaluated for particle size, zeta potential, drug content uniformity, in-vitro drug release, short-term stability, and drug- excipient interactions (FTIR). IR spectroscopic studies indicated that there are no drug-excipient interactions. The formulation F10 containing Tween 80, Tween 20, Soluplus, PEG 200, PG, Methanol and water were found to be promising, which showed 100% drug release within 15 min when compared to the optimised formulation (Bystolic) which showed only 91.95% drug release for 20mins. SEM (scanning Electron Microscopy) analysis showed average particle size to be at 300.3nm and it also shown desired zetapotential value. Short-term stability studies indicated stability with respect to drug content and dissolution. Dried Nanosuspension of nebivolol can be prepared by precipitation method and spray drying was done. Among all the formulations, F10 was found to be promising with 100% drug release in 15mins. Short-term stability studies of the promising formulation indicated that there are no significant changes in dissolution parameter values after 3 months.

Abstract

Sankhaholi (Evolvulus alsinoides Linn.) of family Convolvulaceae which is available in Indian herb and spices market with the name of Shankhpushpi, widely used in the traditional system of medicine including Unani medicine since ages. It is a perennial herb with a small woody branched rootstock which contains alkaloids: shankhapushpine and evolvine. Fresh plant of sankhaholi contains volatile oil. It also contains a yellow neutral fat, an organic acid, and saline substances. Therapeutic uses of Sankhaholi, mentioned in the Unani text are elexiteric (Mufarreh), cardiac tonic (Muqawwi-e Qalb), brain tonic (Muqawwi-e Dimag), blood purifier (Musaffi-e-Khoon), general tonic (Muqawwi-e-aam), diuretic (Mudirr-e-Baul), anti-inflammatory (Muhallil-e-waram), hypoglycemic (Dafa-e-Ziabitus). It has been used in various ailments such as headache, asthma, hyperlipidemia, etc. In this article, we have provided standardized value of a specimen of sankhaholi, assessed on physico-chemical and analytical parameters viz (i) Macroscopic and microscopic features (ii) extractive values (iii), moisture contents (iv), Ash values (v), loss of weight on drying, (vi), pH of 1 % and 10 % solution (vii) TLC and (viii) HPTLC.

Abstract

The present study deals with the identifying a Squalene from medicinal plants for pharmaceutical application. Squalene was isolated from Canthiam coromendelicum using soxhlet apparatus. Methanol is a good solvent for extraction of the Squalene. The crude extractions of C. coromendelicum shows many Secondary metabolites present in the extracts such as Squalene, phytol, n-Butyl are major compounds to find out from the plant profile using GC-MS, UV-Vis, FT-IR, HPTLC, NMR and Mass. Then it was used for further pharmaceutical applications such as antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxicity assay. The Squalene possess enhanced characteristic of antioxidant activity against for their free radicals (DPPH, NO, SO, H2O2), antibacterial activity against Salmonella typi, E. Coli, Pseudomonas putida, Staphylococcus aureus. It shows good cytotoxicity activity against Hep-2 cells. The characterization analysis proved that the isolated Squalene would be a good and potential drug for cancer. In future it will be useful in many biomedical applications.

Abstract

The application of aerogels as drug delivery system was successfully demonstrated for the starch. Biodegradable materials are beneficial as drug carrier as they possess the property of biodegradability. The biodegradability and biocompatibility of these biopolymers make them promising carriers for drug delivery systems. Structural properties of the polysaccharide aerogels depend on the preparation method and chemical nature of the gel phase. In this work starch was used to produce aerogels. Aerogels are a special class of nanoporous materials with growing interest in biomedical and pharmaceutical applications due to their open pore structure and high surface area. Polysaccharide-based aerogels result in highly porous, lightweight drug carriers with high surface area, able to provide enhanced drug bioavailability and drug loading capacity. This review focuses on the of the production of starch based aerogels with emphasis on the influence of processing parameters on the resulting end material properties.

Abstract

Solid Lipid Nanoparticles are at the forefront of the rapidly developing field of nanotechnology with several potential applications in drug delivery and research. Due to their unique size dependence properties, lipid nanoparticles offer possibility to develop new therapeutics. SLNs introduced at the beginning of the 1990s represents an alternative carrier system to traditional colloidal carriers, such as emulsions, liposomes and polymeric micro and nanoparticles as they have advantages like controlled drug release and targeted drug delivery with increased stability. SLN are administrated by various route such as oral, parenteral, rectal, respiratory, nasal, topical and ocular have been proposed for the delivery of SLNs. The present review paper highlight on various advantages, disadvantages, various production methods, drug incorporation model, factor affecting loading capacity of drug in lipid, Analytical techniques for characterization of SLNs like photon correlation spectroscopy, electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, dynamic light scattering [DLS], differential scanning calorimetry [DSC], static light scattering, acoustic method and nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] are discussed along with application of SLNs.

Abstract

From the previous studies it was clear that RNase A is present in pancreas and our new Finding includes that RNase that is similar to RNase A was also present in testis along with other RNases in the tissue. In chromatofocussing the peak was observed in fraction 5 of PI 9.6 and in HPLC it was present in all fractions of the column. The aim of present work is to isolate and identify RNase A through HPLC and chromatofocussing. From the results we conclude that RNase A is present in testis in addition to its presence in epidydymis .Future perspectives include finding of other RNases present in the testis and also further evaluation by other methods.

Abstract

The present work includes a simple, economic, rapid, accurate and precise UV spectrophotometric and isocratic RP-HPLC method development for estimation of Lenalidomide in bulk and its formulation. Estimation was done at 250nm which was found to be ?max of Lenalidomide. The simple, selective, isocratic RP-HPLC method for Lenalidomide was developed on reverse phase C18 waters column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5?m ) with a mobile phase of acetate buffer (20 mM ) (pH 5): Methanol = 85:15 at a flow rate of 1ml/min and detection wavelength 250nm. The developed methods were validated successfully according to ICH Q2 (R1) guidelines. Both the spectrophotometric and chromatographic methods showed a good linear response with r2 values of 0.998 and 0.9986 respectively. The percentage relative standard deviation for both methods was found to be less than two, indicating that the methods were precise. The mean percentage recovery for UV method was between 99.2% and for RP-HPLC method was 99.6% respectively. From the results it could be concluded that both the developed methods were specific, selective and robust. The methods could be successfully applied for analysis of capsule formulation of Lenalidomide.

Abstract

The main aim of the work is to design and develop stable formulation of effervescent tablets of Paracetamol and N-Acetylcysteine and to evaluate respective formulation. The present work is directed to a new pharmaceutical formulation comprising Paracetamol and N-acetylcysteine in the form of effervescent tablet to be taken orally and offering a considerable advantage over other dosage forms.Paracetamol is an analgesic and anti-pyretic agent. It is clinically used for temporary relief of fever, minor aches, and pains. N-acetylcysteine is a mucolytic agent and also used as Paracetamol poisoning antidote. Market Survey revealed that Paracetamol and N-Acetylcysteine in combination are introduced in market as tablet and syrup dosage form. Due to the high dose and taste problems of Paracetamol and N-acetylcysteine it is difficult to formulate in film coated tablet dosage form or as syrup due to stability issues. So, Effervescent Tablets acts as an alternative dosage form. Effervescent tablets are designed to be dissolved or dispersed in water before administration. Since effervescent tablets are administrated in liquid form; they are easily swallowed so they are preferred over tablets or capsules.

Abstract

In Orthopaedic department, surgery constitutes the major manipulations and requires guided antibiotic prescription. Programs designed to encourage appropriate antibiotic prescriptions in health care institutions are an important element in quality of care, infection control. The irrational prescription of antimicrobial agents leads to resistance and economic burden that requires serious attention for the better compliance. Objectives: To assess the prescription pattern and efficacy of commonly prescribed antibiotics in Orthopaedic department. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study which was carried out for a period of six months at Orthopaedic department of Basaveshwara Medical College Hospital, Chitradurga. A total of 119 subjects were included as per study criteria. Results: Among 119 subjects 73.94% were males and 26.06% females. Maximum number of subjects, 37.81% were found between 41-60 years. Prescription patterns of antibiotics shows that 38.07% of Cephalosporins followed by Aminoglycosides 34.40%, Penicillins 15.13%, Flouroquinolones 4.12%, Oxizolidinones 4.12%, Nitriimidazoles 3.66% and Macrolide 0.45%. The efficacy status shows that 44.53% subjects being continued with primary complaints after second follow-up. Conclusion: The research concludes that Cephalosporins and Aminoglycosides takes part more in the current prescription market of Orthopaedic subjects. Efficacy of antibiotics is good in 55.47% of the study population.

Abstract

The solubility issues complicating the delivery of the new drugs and also affect the delivery of many existing drugs. There are various techniques are available for enhancement of solubility. Solid dispersion is one of the most promising approaches for solubility enhancement. Currently only 8% of new drug candidates have both high solubility and permeability. More than 60% of potential drug products suffer from poor water solubility. In solid dispersion particle size of drug is reduced or a crystalline pure drug is converted into amorphous form and hence the solubility of drug is increased. Polymers incorporated in solid dispersion technologies are usually hydrophilic in nature and also showing compatibility with the drug to enhance the drug solubility.

Abstract

Analytical method was developed for the estimation of Canagliflozin drug substance by liquid chromatography. The chromatographic separation was achieved on C18 column (Inertsil ODS 3V 150*4.6, 5um) at ambient temperature .the separation achieved employing a mobile phase consists of 0.1%v/v Formic acid in water: Methanol (10:90). The flow rate was 1.0 ml/ minute and ultra violet detector at 220nm. The average retention time for Canagliflozin found to be 2.4 min the proposed method was validated for selectivity, precision, linearity and accuracy. All validation parameters were within the acceptable range. The assay methods were found to be linear from 100-300?g/ml for Canagliflozin.

Abstract

The aim of the current study was to design sustained release tablet of Diltiazem hydrochloride and to optimize the drug release profile and dissolution time using response surface methodology. Diltiazem hydrochloride is an antihypertensive drug, a benzothiazepine derivative with vasodilating action. It is prescribed for the treatment of hypertension and other cardiovascular disorder. Antihypertensive should continue for several months. Diltiazem hydrochloride has half-life of 3-4.5 hours. So its chronic use necessitates the sustained release formulation to reduce dose and dosing frequency. A 32 full factorial design (2 factors at 3 levels each) was employed to systematically optimize the drug release profile. Kollidon SR and HPMC K100 were taken as the independent variables. The % drug release at 4 hr and % drug release at 24 hr were dependent variables .Tablets were prepared by direct compression and evaluated for Hardness, Friability, Percent drug content and In-vitro drug release pattern. Both the polymers had significant effect on the drug release and of the tablets. All the formulation release the drug for more than 24 hours. The optimized formulation F6 having Kollidon SR 135mg and HPMC K100 105mg showed maximum release of 98.70 % drug release for 24 hr. Most of the formulation followed Higuchi Model.so sustained release tablet of diltiazem HCl was formed which provide drug release for 24 Hrs.

Abstract

Ethanol and Prunus amygdalus (PA) are most widely used in the world. PA is a popular nourishing food, along with its nutritional values it also possess medicinal values like anti-stress, anti oxidant, immunostimulant, lipid lowering and laxative. Ethanol- induced retrograde amnesia was investigated using Morries Water Maze, Elevated plus Maze. Anxiety and locomotion was assessed using open field test. Rats received Prunus amygdalus suspension (150mg/kg, 300mg/kg, and 600mg/kg., oral) for 7 days, and Alcohol (3g/kg, 20%, i.p) in 6th day of the treatment. The next day they were accessible for Behavioral assessment. Rats receiving Alcohol shows significant reduction in escape latency (MWM), Time spent in open arm (EPM), Number of ambulations and rearing (OFT) and increase in Immobility time (FST). The current study evidenced learning and memory impairment, anxiety, and depression symptoms in rats characterized by behavioral impairment, increased oxidative stress, apoptosis, following exposure to ethanol. PA suspension helps in recovery of disrupted memory after ethanol inducing alterations in brain, ultimately, improved the memory (spatial and learning), anxiety and depression.

Abstract

Scaffolds are 3 dimensional structures that are used as implants or injects which are used to deliver drugs, cells, genes into body. A scaffold provides a suitable substrate for cell attachment, cell proliferation, cell migration and differential function. Scaffold matrices are highly efficient in drug delivery especially targeted drug delivery. The fabrication of scaffolds is done by using the biomaterials like alginates, proteins, collagens, gelatine, fibrins and albumins. Some synthetic materials like polyvinyl alcohol and polyglycolide are also used. Their application of late has extended to delivery of drugs and genetic materials, including plasmid DNA, at a controlled rate over a long period of time. In addition, the incorporation of drugs (i.e., inflammatory inhibitors and/or antibiotics) into scaffolds may be used to prevent infection after surgery and other disease for longer duration. The present review gives a detailed account of the need for the development of scaffolds along with the materials used and techniques adopted for the manufacture of scaffolds for prolonged rug delivery.

Abstract

Clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic. The objective is to design the extended release tablet of Clarithromycin which will exhibit comparative in-vitro and in-vivo drug release profile as that of marketed product. The designed formulation utilizes a combination of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose 5 cps and 15 cps as rate controlling polymers for drug release. The process is a wet granulation process using FBP. The finalized extended release tablet showed comparative in vitro and in vivo drug release profile against the marketed product BIAXIN XL FILM TAB®. Also the physico-chemical properties of the finalized extended release tablets of Clarithromycin was found to be stable for 3 months at of 40°C / 75% RH.

Abstract

Fairly soluble drugs in gastrointestinal (GI) media exhibit complete oral absorption, and thus good bioavailability. About 40% of drugs are not soluble in water in practice and therefore are slowly absorbed, which results in insufficient and uneven bioavailability and GI toxicity. Thus, most exigent phase of drug development practice particularly for oral dosage forms is the enhancement of drug solubility and thereby it’s oral bioavailability. The objective of present work was to improve solubility and dissolution rate of poorly water soluble drug Simvastatin by Microwave Generated bionanocomposites technique. The nanocomposites prepared using natural polymers (Gum Ghatti, Guar Gum and Gum Acacia) enhances solubility and dissolution rate of drug. Nanocomposites prepared are characterized by DSC, SEM, and XRD which indicates that crystallinity of Simvastatin has been reduced significantly. Solubility study result helped for selection of gum and gave best ratio of drug and polymer. In vitro drug release from prepared immediate release tablet was compared with marketed formulation. Accelerated stability study of optimized batch was performed at C/75% RH and the results suggested that the formulation was stable for three months. Therefore, microwave generated nanocomposites using natural polymer could be successful technique for enhancing the solubility of poorly water soluble Simvastatin. It should be concluded, that the natural polymers having surfactant activity that enhances the solubility and dissolution rate of drug. The optimum ratio of drug to modified natural polymer was found to be 1:3 w/w. This shows higher dissolution as compared to marketed tablet. The selected SD’s showed better anti-cholesterol and anti-lipidimic activity compared to plain drug.

Abstract

Low aqueous solubility is attributed to the low oral bioavailability is a major problem for formulation scientist as most of recent drugs are lipophilic in nature and their lower solubility and dissolution is a major limitation for their successful formulation. Nowadays much more attention has been given on Self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS) mainly used to improve the bioavailability of hydrophobic drugs. SMEDDS are mainly formulated in a liquid dosage form, which possess some disadvantages. In order to minimize those disadvantages it become necessity to convert it into an solid form .Accordingly, solid SMEDDS (S-SMEDDS), prepared by solidification of liquid/semisolid self-emulsifying (SE) ingredients into powders, have gained popularity. This article emphasizes on the recent advances in the study of S-SMEDDS, mainly the solidification techniques and the development of the solid SE dosage forms. Moreover, the existing problems and the possible future research direction in this field are also mentioned over here.

Abstract

In India, the use of herbals for the purpose of beautification was found in the traditional literature medicine such as Ayurveda. Herbal cosmetics is one of the most potent and effective area of cosmetic technology. Cosmetology is defined as the science of alteration in the appearance. It is used for beautifying and enhancing the overall human personality. Herbal products gains popularity over worldwide because of lack of side effects as compared with synthetic products. The purpose of using cosmetic preparations is to attain worship and sensual enjoyment. The present research work was aimed to formulate Ayurvedic herbal oil for application in hairs using various plant materials were collected viz., Neem, Amla, Shankpushpi, Brahmi, Bhringaraj, Jatamansi, Nirgundi, Shatavari, Gammbhari and Pudina etc. and its evaluation for various properties its properties like specific gravity,viscocity,acid value, saponifivcation value, pH , sensitivity test , Irritation test etc. All the parameters were found to be good and within the standard limits.

Abstract

The main objective of writing this article is to put the emphasis on the importance of Nano structured based drug delivery systems. Although drugs as such can be delivered in the body using different routes but most of the routes have its own limitations like poor solubility, absorption, first pass metabolism and poor bioavailability, hence need for this nanostructured based drug delivery systems was developed. This technique not only will help us in overcoming the above mentioned drawbacks but also this helps us in reducing the dose, systemic side effects and in addition to these, this also helps us in delivering the drugs to the site of action. These Nano based systems can be used to deliver variety of drugs through different routes of administration including oral, topical, transdermal, ocular and parenteral. This review also overcomes some problem of solid lipid Nano particles like drug expulsion during storage, drug loading capacity. This review outlines the process involved in the types of NLC’s, excipients, preparation of NLC’s, its characterization and evaluation and its pharmaceutical applications.

Abstract

The aim of the present investigation is to intend, develop and evaluate a pulsatile drug delivery containing a core-in-cup based system of dry coated tablet of ketoprofen based on chronomodulated approach for management of Rheumatoid Arthritis. This pulsatile system contained a core tablet surrounded by an impermeable outer shell and top cover layer. Core tablet contained the active ingredient acting as reservoir, ethylcellulose was used to form an impermeable outer shell, the top cover layer contained different hydrophilic polymers like SodiumAlginate, HPMCK4M, Sodium carboxymethylcellulose with different concentrations. The formulations were evaluated for various pre-compressional and post-compressional parameters. The effect of polymer properties and quantity of top cover layer, on the lag time and drug release was investigated. From the results it was evident that the lag time increased with increase in concentration of the plug layer, whereas drug release decreased. Plug layer polymers showed a lag time with rank order: SA