Abstract

Chronic renal failure is a slow progressive loss of kidney function over a period of several years. The main role of the kidneys is to remove wastes and excess water from the body. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) slowly gets worse over months or years. The loss of function may be so slow that may not have symptoms until kidneys have almost stopped working. Chronic kidney disease is much more common than people realize, and often goes undetected and undiagnosed until the disease is well advanced and kidney failure is fairly imminent. As kidney failure advances and the organ's function is seriously impaired, dangerous levels of waste and fluid can rapidly build up in the body. Treatment is aimed at stopping or slowing down the progression of the disease - this is usually done by controlling its underlying cause.The final stage of CKD is called end stage renal disease (ESRD) and renal transplant. Eventually the patient has permanent kidney failure patients with chronic kidney disease have multiple co - morbidities and require complicated therapeutic regimen. Clinical pharmacist’s specifically manage lab tests, follow up, adapt drug dosage according to guidelines and evaluate cardiovascular risk factors and decline in renal function. The purpose of the study was to summarize the available evidence regarding the role and impact of clinical pharmacy services for these patient populations. The ultimate goal of intervention in patients with chronic kidney failure is to improve the quality of life of patients.