Authors are required to promptly notify the journal’s Editor via email if any errors are discovered in their published article. Corrections are made at the journal’s discretion, depending on the stage of publication. In all cases, a correction notice will be issued as quickly as possible:

Online Publication: The correction will be integrated into the article, and a revised version will be published with an accompanying erratum.

Publication in an Issue: If the article has already been published in an issue, an erratum will be printed in the next available issue.

Retractions are considered by the journal’s Editor in cases of unreliable data, plagiarism, duplicate publication, or unethical research practices. If an article is under investigation, an expression of concern may be issued. All retraction notices will clearly state the reason for the retraction. The retraction procedure varies based on the article's publication stage:

Online Publication: The PDF will be replaced with a version marked "Retracted," while the original text remains accessible. A retraction notice will also be published in the next available print issue.

Publication in an Issue: A retraction notice will be published in the next available print issue.

In rare cases, the original content may need to be removed for legal reasons. If this occurs, the metadata (title and authors) will remain, and the text will be replaced with a note indicating that the article has been removed for legal reasons. A retraction notice will also be published online and/or in print.