Welcome to Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

DECEMBER 2016

SIMULTANEOUS SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC ESTIMATION OF ISONIAZID AND PYRIDOXINE

Anitha K*1, T. M. Kalyankar2, U. A. Khedkar2, R. B. Gholve2
1Department of Chemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Ananthapuram - 515003, Andhra Pradesh, India.

2School of Pharmacy, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded - 431606, Maharashtra, India.

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ONE POT SYNTHESIS OF 1, 8- DIOXO -OCTAHYDROXANTHENES IN AQUASE PHASE USING ? - CYCLODEXTRIN AS AN EFFICIENT AND GREEN CATALYST

Shankar P Hangirgekar*, Vijay V Kumbhar,Navanand B Wadwale
School of Chemical Sciences, S.R.T.M.University, Nanded-431606, Maharashtra India.

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PHYTONUTRIENT COMPOSITION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF PROCESSED FLAXSEED

Dharshini¹, Dr.S.Sumayaa², Dr.T.Thirunalasundari ³

¹Research Scholar, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Thassim Beevi Abdul Kader College for Women, Kilakarai, Tamil Nadu, India.

²Head of the Department, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappali, Tamil Nadu, India.

³Principal, Thassim Beevi Abdul Kader College for Women, Kilakarai, Tamil Nadu, India.

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Flax is a nutraceutical with many nutritional benefits. Aside from the vitamins, minerals, fiber and protein it contains some primary and secondary metabolites. Flaxseed is a good source of omega-3 fatty acids. Through its high concentration of alpha-linolenic acid, flax provides more omega-3 fatty acids than any other grain. (57% of its fatty acids are omega-3s.) As the health revolution continues to evolve, look for it to be added to more and more processed foods to attain the health smart claim. Flaxseed (FS), a whole grain used as a nutritional supplement, has gained popularity because it is a rich source of natural antioxidants. Dietary intake of polyphenols has been associated to reduce risk of chronic diseases, such as heart disease, stress induced diabetes and cancer. This is probably due to their antioxidant properties. Many phenolic compounds have been detected in Flaxseed. Hence with the objectives to analyze the phytonutrient composition, assess the non-antioxidant enzymes vitamin A, E and C and find the antioxidant activity of processed flaxseed the study was carried out. The flaxseed was subjected to various methods of food processing like roasting, pressure cooking and soaking. The processed flaxseed was further analysed the primary and secondary metabolites and their antioxidants activity. This study does not show much variation in primary and secondary metabolites between the raw and roasted seeds. The acceptance and palatability was high in the case of roasted soybean and flaxseed because of their nutrients nutty flavour, colour and texture than the unprocessed seeds. Non- antioxidant enzymes, vitamin A, vitamin E and vitamin C content was high in both soaked and roasted flaxseed. Antioxidant activity was high in roasted and soaked flaxseed. Thus the presence of these phytonutrient and antioxidant activity of processed namely roasted and soaked flaxseeds indicates that, it has a potential of being used in formulations prepared for food consumption. Flaxseed could also be a remedy for the major killer diseases like cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.

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Flax is a nutraceutical with many nutritional benefits. Aside from the vitamins, minerals, fiber and protein it contains some primary and secondary metabolites. Flaxseed is a good source of omega-3 fatty acids. Through its high concentration of alpha-linolenic acid, flax provides more omega-3 fatty acids than any other grain. (57% of its fatty acids are omega-3s.) As the health revolution continues to evolve, look for it to be added to more and more processed foods to attain the health smart claim. Flaxseed (FS), a whole grain used as a nutritional supplement, has gained popularity because it is a rich source of natural antioxidants. Dietary intake of polyphenols has been associated to reduce risk of chronic diseases, such as heart disease, stress induced diabetes and cancer. This is probably due to their antioxidant properties. Many phenolic compounds have been detected in Flaxseed. Hence with the objectives to analyze the phytonutrient composition, assess the non-antioxidant enzymes vitamin A, E and C and find the antioxidant activity of processed flaxseed the study was carried out. The flaxseed was subjected to various methods of food processing like roasting, pressure cooking and soaking. The processed flaxseed was further analysed the primary and secondary metabolites and their antioxidants activity. This study does not show much variation in primary and secondary metabolites between the raw and roasted seeds. The acceptance and palatability was high in the case of roasted soybean and flaxseed because of their nutrients nutty flavour, colour and texture than the unprocessed seeds. Non- antioxidant enzymes, vitamin A, vitamin E and vitamin C content was high in both soaked and roasted flaxseed. Antioxidant activity was high in roasted and soaked flaxseed. Thus the presence of these phytonutrient and antioxidant activity of processed namely roasted and soaked flaxseeds indicates that, it has a potential of being used in formulations prepared for food consumption. Flaxseed could also be a remedy for the major killer diseases like cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.

AN IMPACT OF EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTION OF ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS REPORTING TO AMC-PvPI AMONG NURSES IN TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL

Venkata RamaRao Nallani^*1, Dr.Rama Rao Nadendla², Dr. Khemchand Gupta³, Dr. Zahedabano⁴
¹Pacific Academy of Higher Education & Research University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.
²Chalapathi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guntur.
³Associate Professor, Paher University, Udaipur.
⁴Dept of Pharmacology, Guntur Medical College, Guntur.

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FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF A NEW LIPOSOMAL DRUG-IN-ADHESIVE PATCH FOR TRANSDERMAL DELIVERY OF SUMATRIPTAN SUCCINATE

M. Srujan Kumar^1*, Anna Balaji²

¹Institute of Pharmaceutical and Research Center, Bhagwant University, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India-305004.

²Pathfinder Institute of Pharmacy Education and Research, Warangal, Telangana, India-506005.

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The transdermal route of drug delivery has gained great interest of pharmaceutical research, as it circumvents number of problems associated with oral route of drug administration. In this study a transfersomal gel was fabricated using liposome-based nano carrier transfersome. Transfersomes as ultra-sfigurabile liposomes are prepared by rotary evaporation method with the composition of soyalecithin as lipid and propylene glycol as surfactant. Sumatriptan was selected as model drug for the treatment of migraine. Migraine is a chronic disease and the first line agents useful in treatment include NSAID’S and triptans .In recent years, most of the triptans have been designed to deliver the drug in the form of transdermal application to avoid gastrointestinal irritation, to overcome first pass effect and to maximize the drug concentration at the site of action. The present study describes the effect of sonication on size of transfersomes for future fabrication of transfersome into Lipo-drug-In-Adhesive Patch. Transfersomes were evaluated for vesicle size; polydispersity index, zeta potential, SEM, entrapment efficiency and transfersomal gel were evaluated for In Vitro Diffusion Studies. Optimized formulation of transfersomes are further are further fabricated into patch system. The prepared formulations were evaluated for various parameters like thickness, tensile strength, folding endurance, % elongation, % moisture content, % moisture uptake, % drug content, in vitro drug release, in vitro permeation, kinetic modeling, adhesion properties and stability studies. Formulation T1 showed desirable permeation of about 99.15 at the end of 12 hours with transdermal flux of 9.288 (μg/cm2/h) and permeability coefficient 1.54 (cm/h) Patch system might follow zero-order kinetics as it was evident by correlation coefficients R2 (0.924), better fit than first order R2 (0.783) and Higuchi model R2 (0.991).

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The transdermal route of drug delivery has gained great interest of pharmaceutical research, as it circumvents number of problems associated with oral route of drug administration. In this study a transfersomal gel was fabricated using liposome-based nano carrier transfersome. Transfersomes as ultra-sfigurabile liposomes are prepared by rotary evaporation method with the composition of soyalecithin as lipid and propylene glycol as surfactant. Sumatriptan was selected as model drug for the treatment of migraine. Migraine is a chronic disease and the first line agents useful in treatment include NSAID’S and triptans .In recent years, most of the triptans have been designed to deliver the drug in the form of transdermal application to avoid gastrointestinal irritation, to overcome first pass effect and to maximize the drug concentration at the site of action. The present study describes the effect of sonication on size of transfersomes for future fabrication of transfersome into Lipo-drug-In-Adhesive Patch. Transfersomes were evaluated for vesicle size; polydispersity index, zeta potential, SEM, entrapment efficiency and transfersomal gel were evaluated for In Vitro Diffusion Studies. Optimized formulation of transfersomes are further are further fabricated into patch system. The prepared formulations were evaluated for various parameters like thickness, tensile strength, folding endurance, % elongation, % moisture content, % moisture uptake, % drug content, in vitro drug release, in vitro permeation, kinetic modeling, adhesion properties and stability studies. Formulation T1 showed desirable permeation of about 99.15 at the end of 12 hours with transdermal flux of 9.288 (μg/cm2/h) and permeability coefficient 1.54 (cm/h) Patch system might follow zero-order kinetics as it was evident by correlation coefficients R2 (0.924), better fit than first order R2 (0.783) and Higuchi model R2 (0.991).

REVIEW ON ZIZYPHUS JUJUBA RED DATE PLANT DRUG

Reshma Jain*, Sadhana Rajput

Faculty of Pharmacy, Kalabhavan Campus, The M.S.University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.

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A REVIEW ON NOVEL MOLECULAR MARKER TECHNIQUES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN PLANT ORIGIN

Reshma Jain*, Sadhana Rajput

Faculty of Pharmacy, Kalabhavan Campus, The M.S.University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.

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A REVIEW ON GLYCYRRHIZA GLABRA LINN. - A TRADITIONAL VERSATILE PLANT DRUG

Reshma Jain*, Sadhana Rajput

Faculty of Pharmacy, Kalabhavan Campus, The M.S.University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.

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A REVIEW ON PRUNELLA VULGARIS SELF HEAL PLANT DRUG

Reshma Jain*, Sadhana Rajput

Faculty of Pharmacy, Kalabhavan Campus, The M.S.University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.

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FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT OF ROPINIROLE HYDROCHLORIDE MICROEMULSION FOR INTRANASAL DELIVERY

Shubhrajit Mantry^1*, Anna Balaji²

¹Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research Center, Bhagwant University, Ajmer, Rajasthan- 305004, India.

²Pathfinder Institute of Pharmacy Education & Research, Beside Mamnoor Camp, Khammam Road, Warangal, India.

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UTILIZATION OF SOCIAL MEDIA IN PHARMACOVIGILANCE: RELEVANCE, SCOPE AND CHALLENGES

Dr. Aby Mathews M¹, Dr. Rohini N Kathavate²

¹. Junior Safety Data Analyst, Sciformix Technologies Ltd, Pune, India.

². Tatyasaheb Kore Dental College and Research Center, Kolhapur, India.

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SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF COLONIC MICROSPHERES OF GLIPIZIDE BY IONIC GELATION METHOD

Goyal Gourav*, Garg Payal, Singh Gurdev, Saini Sapna, Beniwal Renu, Rathi Jyoti, Arora Sunaina

SDM College of Pharmacy, Rajound-136044, Kaithal, Haryana, India.

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The present study delineates synthesis and characterization of Glipizide microspheres using tragacanth gum, inulin and HPMC as polymers for colon-specific delivery for better treatment of Type 2 Diabetes, avoiding the side effects. The Glipizide microspheres were prepared by ionotropic gelation technique by the use of various cross linking agents. The polysaccharides reacted with sodium alginate in the presence of various cross linking agents to form microspheres with a polyelectrolyte complex membrane by electrostatic interaction between the two oppositely charged polymers. The microspheres were then studied for entrapment efficiency, drug-polymer compatibility and surface morphology. In vitro drug release pattern was studied in buffer medium using USP dissolution apparatus. Further, kinetics modelling was employed to find out release mechanisms. Glipizide microspheres showed high entrapment efficiency (87.75%) and the microspheres were free flowing, non aggregated and spherical, between 500-700 μm in diameter. The FT-IR spectrum showed that there is no interaction between the polymer and drug. The in vitro release study found to be affected by using various cross linking agent. The microspheres with Barium chloride as cross linking agent showing no drug release at acidic pH but show maximum release at the end of 12th hour in simulated intestinal fluid. The rate of drug release follows koresmeyer-peppas model and zero order kinetics. It was seen from the observation data that the cumulative percentage release from all the drug loaded batches of microspheres fell within the range of 47.73% to 64.14% in 12 hours study and it was found that the % cumulative release in microspheres encapsulated with tragacanth gum was maximum for Batch GA2 (64.14%) and minimum for Batch GC3 (47.73%).The study reveals that Glipizide loaded inulin microspheres can be used effectively for colon targeting.

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The present study delineates synthesis and characterization of Glipizide microspheres using tragacanth gum, inulin and HPMC as polymers for colon-specific delivery for better treatment of Type 2 Diabetes, avoiding the side effects. The Glipizide microspheres were prepared by ionotropic gelation technique by the use of various cross linking agents. The polysaccharides reacted with sodium alginate in the presence of various cross linking agents to form microspheres with a polyelectrolyte complex membrane by electrostatic interaction between the two oppositely charged polymers. The microspheres were then studied for entrapment efficiency, drug-polymer compatibility and surface morphology. In vitro drug release pattern was studied in buffer medium using USP dissolution apparatus. Further, kinetics modelling was employed to find out release mechanisms. Glipizide microspheres showed high entrapment efficiency (87.75%) and the microspheres were free flowing, non aggregated and spherical, between 500-700 μm in diameter. The FT-IR spectrum showed that there is no interaction between the polymer and drug. The in vitro release study found to be affected by using various cross linking agent. The microspheres with Barium chloride as cross linking agent showing no drug release at acidic pH but show maximum release at the end of 12th hour in simulated intestinal fluid. The rate of drug release follows koresmeyer-peppas model and zero order kinetics. It was seen from the observation data that the cumulative percentage release from all the drug loaded batches of microspheres fell within the range of 47.73% to 64.14% in 12 hours study and it was found that the % cumulative release in microspheres encapsulated with tragacanth gum was maximum for Batch GA2 (64.14%) and minimum for Batch GC3 (47.73%).The study reveals that Glipizide loaded inulin microspheres can be used effectively for colon targeting.

POTENTIAL BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN THE FLOWER EXTRACTS OF MORINGA OLEIFERA AND ITS THERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES. EVIDENCE FOR ANTIOXIDANT & NUTRITIONAL INTERVENTION

Radha S & Sreelatha .S*

Dept of Chemistry & Biosciences, SRC, SASTRA University, India.

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Research has demonstrated the importance of dietary plants in daily life. Moringa oleifera a multipurpose green leafy vegetable plays an important role in sustainable communities due to its high nutritional quality and adaptability to diverse environment. Moringa oleifera plays a crucial role in the prevention of chronic diseases, as most of them find use in a number of pharmaceutical compounds. The present study was designed to study the therapeutic potential of the flower extracts by screening its biological activity under oxidative stress conditions in vitro and to understand the molecular insights taking place. To understand the assault and its protection, three different membrane systems like RBC ghosts, liver homogenate and liver slices were used and the oxidant induced cell injury was quantified as the extent of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) formed. In order to investigate its role in immune response the activity of the flower extracts were studied against the cyclophosphamide stress in mice and the level of hematological parameters like RBC, WBC count and differential count were recorded. Neutrophil adhesion test, haemagglutinating antibody (HA) titre, delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response were also determined. The extract showed significant dose dependent increase in WBC, percent neutrophils and substantially enhanced cellular immune response, humoral immune response, neutrophil index in doses of 200 and 400mg/kg body weight. Phytochemical and TLC analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids and further showed a significant DPPH free radical scavenging activity.Quercetin and kaempferol were identified as the major components by HPTLC in the extract. Additionally high levels of minerals like iron, magnesium, zinc and trace amounts of selenium were quantified in the flower extracts by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results obtained in this study indicate that flower extracts contain active components and minerals that stimulate the immunomodulatory activity by enhancing both cellular and humoral response and have the potential for the maintenance of general immune health and this plant can be exploited for the production of new drugs, industrial products and phytopharmaceuticals.

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Research has demonstrated the importance of dietary plants in daily life. Moringa oleifera a multipurpose green leafy vegetable plays an important role in sustainable communities due to its high nutritional quality and adaptability to diverse environment. Moringa oleifera plays a crucial role in the prevention of chronic diseases, as most of them find use in a number of pharmaceutical compounds. The present study was designed to study the therapeutic potential of the flower extracts by screening its biological activity under oxidative stress conditions in vitro and to understand the molecular insights taking place. To understand the assault and its protection, three different membrane systems like RBC ghosts, liver homogenate and liver slices were used and the oxidant induced cell injury was quantified as the extent of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) formed. In order to investigate its role in immune response the activity of the flower extracts were studied against the cyclophosphamide stress in mice and the level of hematological parameters like RBC, WBC count and differential count were recorded. Neutrophil adhesion test, haemagglutinating antibody (HA) titre, delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response were also determined. The extract showed significant dose dependent increase in WBC, percent neutrophils and substantially enhanced cellular immune response, humoral immune response, neutrophil index in doses of 200 and 400mg/kg body weight. Phytochemical and TLC analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids and further showed a significant DPPH free radical scavenging activity.Quercetin and kaempferol were identified as the major components by HPTLC in the extract. Additionally high levels of minerals like iron, magnesium, zinc and trace amounts of selenium were quantified in the flower extracts by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results obtained in this study indicate that flower extracts contain active components and minerals that stimulate the immunomodulatory activity by enhancing both cellular and humoral response and have the potential for the maintenance of general immune health and this plant can be exploited for the production of new drugs, industrial products and phytopharmaceuticals.

ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF AMYLASE PRODUCING BACTERIA FROM ORANGE AND POMEGRANATE PEEL

G.Prameela¹, K. Priya Dharshini², M.Chidanandappa¹.K.Kamala^1*

^1*Department of Biotechnology, Rayalaseema University, Kurnool.

²Departnment of Chemistry, S.V University, Tirupati.

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FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF FAST DISSOLVING FILMS CONTAINING PARACETAMOL

Maddela. Sudhir*, M. Mounika, N. Jyothi, SK. Liakhat Ali, T. Joshi Anand, M. Komili

Nirmala College of Pharmacy, Atmakur (V), Guntur, AndhraPradesh, India.

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UNCONTROLLED ASTHMA AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG ADULT ASTHMATIC PATIENTS ON FOLLOW-UP AT CHEST CLINIC OF JIMMA UNIVERSITY SPECIALIZED HOSPITAL, SOUTH-WEST ETHIOPIA.

Korinan Fanta, Fekede Bekele Daba*

School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.

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VALIDATED SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHODS FOR ESTIMATION OF EZETIMIBE IN PURE AND DOSAGE FORMS

Eman M. Hafez¹, Ragaa El Shiekh¹, Alaa S. Amin² and Ayman A. Gouda^1,3*

¹Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.

²Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, Benha University, Benha, Egypt.

³Faculty of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.

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DISSOLUTION RATE ENHANCEMENT OF GLIMEPIRIDE BY SOLID DISPERSION TECHNIQUE

Kataria Mahesh Kumar*, Bilandi Ajay, Bala Saroj

Seth G.L. Bihani S.D. College of Technical Education, Sri Ganganagar (Raj) India.

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SOLID DISPERSIONS: AN APPROACH TO ENHANCE SOLUBILITY OF POORLY SOLUBLE DRUGS

R. Santosh Kumar*, T. Naga Satya Yagnesh

GITAM Institute of Pharmacy, GITAM University, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam, A.P 530045.

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IMPACT OF PHARMACIST PROVIDED EDUCATION ON KNOWLEDGE AND MEDICATION ADHERENCE IN HIV PATIENTS AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Soumya .S .M^1*, Vedha.K.H², S. Geetha², Shivasharanappa .J .Allad³

¹Soumya .S. Manure, Clinical Pharmacist, Fortis Hospital Cunningham Road Bangalore.

²Clinical Pharmacist, Maxcure Hospitals, Hyderabad.

³Shivasharanappa .J .Allad, Clinical Research Co Ordinator, Omega Hospitals, Hyderabad.

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SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY AND METABOLIC ENGINEERING: A WORKHORSE FOR NOVEL DRUGS GENERATIONS

Dipankar Ghosh

Imperial College London, United Kingdom.

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CURRENT PROGRESSIONS IN MUCOADHESIVE FLOATING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS

Harshada M. Phalak

Hon'ble Loksevak Madhukarrao Chaudhari College of Pharmacy, Faizpur. Maharashtra. India.

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ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF HERBS FREQUENTLY USED IN MARKETED ANTI DANDRUFF HERBAL SHAMPOOS

Ms. Shalini Sharma¹, Dr. U. M. Upadhayay², Ms. Palak Landge³, Dr. Sunil Mistry⁴, Siddhi Upadhyay²

¹R.K. University, Rajkot, Babaria Institute of Pharmacy, Varnama, Gujarat.

¹Sigma Institute of Pharmacy, Bakrol, Vadodara.

²Babaria Institute of Pharmacy, Varnama, Gujarat. 3Malohtra College of Pharmacy, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh.

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HYPOGLYCEMIC AND LIPID PROFILE IN ALLOXAN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS TREATED WITH GLIBENCLAMIDE, METFORMIN AND TWO POLYHERBAL BITTERS

Etim, Emmanuel I.¹, Udodok, Idara N¹., Akwaowoh, Akpabio E.², Udo, Nsikan M.³

¹Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Nigeria.

²Department of Clinical and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Nigeria.

³Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Nigeria.

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The polyherbal bitters are herbal galenicals commonly used by diabetic patients, because they are claimed to have antidiabetic potentials. Promoters of the bitters claim that, the bitters being of natural origin could be concurrently administered with conventional therapeutic drugs with no adverse effects. This research was aimed at assessing the effect(s) or otherwise of the co-administration of two popular bitters in Nigeria market Swedish bitter (SB) and Yoyo bitters (YB) and two therapeutic antidiabetic drugs metformin (MET) and glibenclamide (GLI) on the hypoglycemic and lipid profile in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Fifty four diabetic rats of both sexes weighing between 160g to 230g were divided into nine groups with six animals per group. Therapeutic doses of the bitters alone and in combination with GLI and MET corresponding to the body weight of the animals were administered orally to the different groups daily for 14 days. After an overnight fast, fasting blood glucose levels were obtained by tail tipping method on days 0, 1, 3, 5, 8, 11 and 14. On the 14th day the rats were sacrificed and blood collected by cardiac puncture. The blood was centrifuged and the plasma collected was analyzed for lipid profile. The results obtained indicated that GLI, MET, SB and YB all caused a significant decrease (p<0.05) in blood glucose during the period of studies in all treated groups compared to the control group. There was a synergistic effect on the hypoglycemic efficacy of GLI when GLI was co-administered with YB, but there was a decrease in hypoglycemic efficacy of MET when it was co-administered with YB. There was no effect when MET and GLI were respectively co-administered with SB. GLI, MET and the bitters caused an increase in the lipid profile when administered as a mono-therapy and in combination with each other. From the results of these studies, we conclude that, some bitters have hypoglycemic potency comparable to most conventional therapeutic drugs, however it is not safe to administer any of the bitters concurrently with therapeutic drugs since the effect on their hypoglycemic parameter is not predictable.

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The polyherbal bitters are herbal galenicals commonly used by diabetic patients, because they are claimed to have antidiabetic potentials. Promoters of the bitters claim that, the bitters being of natural origin could be concurrently administered with conventional therapeutic drugs with no adverse effects. This research was aimed at assessing the effect(s) or otherwise of the co-administration of two popular bitters in Nigeria market Swedish bitter (SB) and Yoyo bitters (YB) and two therapeutic antidiabetic drugs metformin (MET) and glibenclamide (GLI) on the hypoglycemic and lipid profile in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Fifty four diabetic rats of both sexes weighing between 160g to 230g were divided into nine groups with six animals per group. Therapeutic doses of the bitters alone and in combination with GLI and MET corresponding to the body weight of the animals were administered orally to the different groups daily for 14 days. After an overnight fast, fasting blood glucose levels were obtained by tail tipping method on days 0, 1, 3, 5, 8, 11 and 14. On the 14th day the rats were sacrificed and blood collected by cardiac puncture. The blood was centrifuged and the plasma collected was analyzed for lipid profile. The results obtained indicated that GLI, MET, SB and YB all caused a significant decrease (p<0.05) in blood glucose during the period of studies in all treated groups compared to the control group. There was a synergistic effect on the hypoglycemic efficacy of GLI when GLI was co-administered with YB, but there was a decrease in hypoglycemic efficacy of MET when it was co-administered with YB. There was no effect when MET and GLI were respectively co-administered with SB. GLI, MET and the bitters caused an increase in the lipid profile when administered as a mono-therapy and in combination with each other. From the results of these studies, we conclude that, some bitters have hypoglycemic potency comparable to most conventional therapeutic drugs, however it is not safe to administer any of the bitters concurrently with therapeutic drugs since the effect on their hypoglycemic parameter is not predictable.

KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES OF ANEMIA AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN IN A GOVERNTMENT HOSPITAL

Ranjith Chacko*, Unnimaya Premkumar, Merin Joseph, Josna James, Sneha Prabha, Merlin K Jacob, Dr. T Sivakumar

Nandha College of Pharmacy, Erode.

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CLINICAL PHARMACIST INTERVENTION IN THE MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE

K. Sai Supraja, Ayemen Almeen, Mariya Kauser, Aiswarya Roy .P, Sarvan Kumar .G, Surender .N

Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Vikas College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rayanigudem, Suryapet.

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PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF POLYHERBAL FACIAL SCRUB

K. Suganya, Y. Maheswari, X. Fatima Grace*, S. Shanmuganathan

Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai – 600 116.

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ROLE OF CLINICAL PHARMACISTS IN MAINTAINANCE OF QUALITY OF LIFE IN ALCOHOL ABUSE PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Ayemen Almeen, Aiswarya Roy, Sai Supraja, Sarvan Kumar.G, Kiran Kumar.Y, Dr.P.Venkateswar Rao

Vikas College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rayanigudem, Suryapet.

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DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF COMPRESSED TABLETS OF A HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC DRUG FOR PULSATILE DRUG DELIVERY

Shameem Pasha MD¹, Agilandeswari D^2*, Atefeh Shabani³, Vineeth Chandy¹

¹T. John College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru-560083, Karnataka, India.

²Hillside College of Pharmacy and Research Centre, Bengaluru-560083, Karnataka, India. 3Visveswarapura Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bangalore -560070, Karnataka, India.

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SYNTHESIS, SPECTRAL CHARACTERIZATION AND SCREENING OF SOME NOVEL PYRROLE BENZOHYDRAZIDE DERIVATIVES FOR ANALGESIC, ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES IN RODENTS

M.R. Pradeep Kumar*¹, Shrinivas D. Joshi²

¹Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, KLEU’s College of Pharmacy, Hubli-580031, Karnataka.

²Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SET’s College of Pharmacy, Dharwad-580002, Karnataka.

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