Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as diclofenac are extensively used for their analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. However, long-term use may lead to rare adverse reactions including drug-induced pleural effusion. Drug-induced pleural effusion is a diagnosis of exclusion and is often under-recognized. Regular review of chronic medications, especially NSAIDs, is essential in elderly and polymedicated patients to avoid under diagnosed drug-induced pulmonary complications.

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