Hypertension
remains a leading global health challenge, significantly contributing to
cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Among the therapeutic strategies,
fixed-dose combinations of antihypertensive agents have been shown to enhance
treatment efficacy and improve patient adherence. Metoprolol tartrate, a cardio-selective
β-blocker; Amlodipine besylate, a long-acting calcium channel blocker; and
Chlorthalidone, a thiazide-like diuretic, are commonly prescribed in
combination for optimal blood pressure control. Given the pharmacological
importance of these agents, the development of accurate, precise, and validated
analytical methods for their simultaneous estimation is essential for ensuring
quality control and regulatory compliance. This review critically examines a
wide range of analytical techniques reported in the literature, including
UV-Visible spectroscopy, High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC),
Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC), High-Performance Thin Layer
Chromatography (HPTLC), and advanced bioanalytical methods such as LC-MS/MS.
These techniques have been evaluated based on key validation parameters,
including linearity, precision, accuracy, limit of detection, and
quantification. The review underscores the superiority of chromatographic
methods, particularly HPLC and UPLC, in achieving high sensitivity and
specificity in both pharmaceutical formulations and biological matrices.
Overall, this compilation provides a valuable reference point for researchers
and pharmaceutical analysts engaged in method development, offering insights
into current best practices and paving the way for future advancements in
analytical quality assurance for antihypertensive therapies.
