Welcome to Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

JULY 2018

SIMULTANEOUS SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC ESTIMATION OF ISONIAZID AND PYRIDOXINE

Anitha K*1, T. M. Kalyankar2, U. A. Khedkar2, R. B. Gholve2
1Department of Chemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Ananthapuram - 515003, Andhra Pradesh, India.

2School of Pharmacy, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded - 431606, Maharashtra, India.

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A STUDY OF PATTERN OF REFERRALS IN LIAISON PSYCHIATRY

Dr Sally John^1*,Dr.Amrita Singam², Dr Sonia Mary Thomas³
¹Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Sawangi ,Wardha, Maharashtra Pin 442 001.
²Indira Gandhi Govt. Medical College, Department.of Pharmacology, Nagpur.
³Santhula Trust Hospital, Vadakkara, Oliyapuram P.O Kuthattukulam, Ernakulam Dt, Kerala.

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Liaison psychiatry specializes in bridging psychiatric services to other specialities. It has been actively intervening in the reduction of the communication gap between the various specialities in many health care setups. Thereby it provides them the ability to acquire adequate understanding about the intricacies involved in treating patients with physical and psychiatric co-morbidities. Efficient communication between different levels of care has a great impact on quality of health care. Objectives: To assess the source of referral, reason for referral, the psychiatric diagnosis of the patients referred and the Psychiatric treatment initiated by the referring team and the knowledge of the illness. Materials and method: The study was a cross sectional study conducted on the out patients and inpatients referred to the psychiatric department in a tertiary care hospital in central India. It was completed in the time period of 3 months from June 1st 2014 to August 15th 2014 with a sample size of 150 patients. All the referred patients were evaluated by a consultant psychiatrist and diagnosis was made according to the diagnostic guidelines of ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases -10th Edition). Results: Out of the total number of patients who were referred 79(52.6%) patients were males and 71(47.3%) were females. The mean age of the study population was 36.01 years. A majority of the patients belonged to the age group of 21-30 years. A majority of the referrals were made from the department of medicine (n=76, 50.6%).The various reasons for psychiatric referral were analyzed and it was found that the most common reason was the presence abnormal behaviour (n=37, 24.6%). The most common psychiatric diagnosis made was substance use disorders (n=51, 34%) Conclusion: The observations of our study clearly show that there is significant gap existing in consultation liaison psychiatry as reflected in the profile and patterns referrals assessed. Early diagnosis and management of psychiatric disorders in patients presenting to the other departments with various physical illnesses definitely hasten recovery, reduce morbidity and improve quality of life. The way ahead is too long in this field and the need for improving the liaison is crucial in reducing the burden of morbidity and improving the quality of life of the patient and their carers.

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Liaison psychiatry specializes in bridging psychiatric services to other specialities. It has been actively intervening in the reduction of the communication gap between the various specialities in many health care setups. Thereby it provides them the ability to acquire adequate understanding about the intricacies involved in treating patients with physical and psychiatric co-morbidities. Efficient communication between different levels of care has a great impact on quality of health care. Objectives: To assess the source of referral, reason for referral, the psychiatric diagnosis of the patients referred and the Psychiatric treatment initiated by the referring team and the knowledge of the illness. Materials and method: The study was a cross sectional study conducted on the out patients and inpatients referred to the psychiatric department in a tertiary care hospital in central India. It was completed in the time period of 3 months from June 1st 2014 to August 15th 2014 with a sample size of 150 patients. All the referred patients were evaluated by a consultant psychiatrist and diagnosis was made according to the diagnostic guidelines of ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases -10th Edition). Results: Out of the total number of patients who were referred 79(52.6%) patients were males and 71(47.3%) were females. The mean age of the study population was 36.01 years. A majority of the patients belonged to the age group of 21-30 years. A majority of the referrals were made from the department of medicine (n=76, 50.6%).The various reasons for psychiatric referral were analyzed and it was found that the most common reason was the presence abnormal behaviour (n=37, 24.6%). The most common psychiatric diagnosis made was substance use disorders (n=51, 34%) Conclusion: The observations of our study clearly show that there is significant gap existing in consultation liaison psychiatry as reflected in the profile and patterns referrals assessed. Early diagnosis and management of psychiatric disorders in patients presenting to the other departments with various physical illnesses definitely hasten recovery, reduce morbidity and improve quality of life. The way ahead is too long in this field and the need for improving the liaison is crucial in reducing the burden of morbidity and improving the quality of life of the patient and their carers.

ONE POT SYNTHESIS OF 1, 8- DIOXO -OCTAHYDROXANTHENES IN AQUASE PHASE USING ? - CYCLODEXTRIN AS AN EFFICIENT AND GREEN CATALYST

Shankar P Hangirgekar*, Vijay V Kumbhar,Navanand B Wadwale
School of Chemical Sciences, S.R.T.M.University, Nanded-431606, Maharashtra India.

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PHYTONUTRIENT COMPOSITION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF PROCESSED FLAXSEED

Dharshini¹, Dr.S.Sumayaa², Dr.T.Thirunalasundari ³

¹Research Scholar, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Thassim Beevi Abdul Kader College for Women, Kilakarai, Tamil Nadu, India.

²Head of the Department, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappali, Tamil Nadu, India.

³Principal, Thassim Beevi Abdul Kader College for Women, Kilakarai, Tamil Nadu, India.

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Flax is a nutraceutical with many nutritional benefits. Aside from the vitamins, minerals, fiber and protein it contains some primary and secondary metabolites. Flaxseed is a good source of omega-3 fatty acids. Through its high concentration of alpha-linolenic acid, flax provides more omega-3 fatty acids than any other grain. (57% of its fatty acids are omega-3s.) As the health revolution continues to evolve, look for it to be added to more and more processed foods to attain the health smart claim. Flaxseed (FS), a whole grain used as a nutritional supplement, has gained popularity because it is a rich source of natural antioxidants. Dietary intake of polyphenols has been associated to reduce risk of chronic diseases, such as heart disease, stress induced diabetes and cancer. This is probably due to their antioxidant properties. Many phenolic compounds have been detected in Flaxseed. Hence with the objectives to analyze the phytonutrient composition, assess the non-antioxidant enzymes vitamin A, E and C and find the antioxidant activity of processed flaxseed the study was carried out. The flaxseed was subjected to various methods of food processing like roasting, pressure cooking and soaking. The processed flaxseed was further analysed the primary and secondary metabolites and their antioxidants activity. This study does not show much variation in primary and secondary metabolites between the raw and roasted seeds. The acceptance and palatability was high in the case of roasted soybean and flaxseed because of their nutrients nutty flavour, colour and texture than the unprocessed seeds. Non- antioxidant enzymes, vitamin A, vitamin E and vitamin C content was high in both soaked and roasted flaxseed. Antioxidant activity was high in roasted and soaked flaxseed. Thus the presence of these phytonutrient and antioxidant activity of processed namely roasted and soaked flaxseeds indicates that, it has a potential of being used in formulations prepared for food consumption. Flaxseed could also be a remedy for the major killer diseases like cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.

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Flax is a nutraceutical with many nutritional benefits. Aside from the vitamins, minerals, fiber and protein it contains some primary and secondary metabolites. Flaxseed is a good source of omega-3 fatty acids. Through its high concentration of alpha-linolenic acid, flax provides more omega-3 fatty acids than any other grain. (57% of its fatty acids are omega-3s.) As the health revolution continues to evolve, look for it to be added to more and more processed foods to attain the health smart claim. Flaxseed (FS), a whole grain used as a nutritional supplement, has gained popularity because it is a rich source of natural antioxidants. Dietary intake of polyphenols has been associated to reduce risk of chronic diseases, such as heart disease, stress induced diabetes and cancer. This is probably due to their antioxidant properties. Many phenolic compounds have been detected in Flaxseed. Hence with the objectives to analyze the phytonutrient composition, assess the non-antioxidant enzymes vitamin A, E and C and find the antioxidant activity of processed flaxseed the study was carried out. The flaxseed was subjected to various methods of food processing like roasting, pressure cooking and soaking. The processed flaxseed was further analysed the primary and secondary metabolites and their antioxidants activity. This study does not show much variation in primary and secondary metabolites between the raw and roasted seeds. The acceptance and palatability was high in the case of roasted soybean and flaxseed because of their nutrients nutty flavour, colour and texture than the unprocessed seeds. Non- antioxidant enzymes, vitamin A, vitamin E and vitamin C content was high in both soaked and roasted flaxseed. Antioxidant activity was high in roasted and soaked flaxseed. Thus the presence of these phytonutrient and antioxidant activity of processed namely roasted and soaked flaxseeds indicates that, it has a potential of being used in formulations prepared for food consumption. Flaxseed could also be a remedy for the major killer diseases like cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.

RATIONAL APPROACH TOWARDS THE ROLE OF KALAWNJI (NIGELLA SATIVA LINN) IN MARZ - E - AKYAS KHUSYATUR REHM (POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME)-A REVIEW

Md Sheeraz^1*, Arsheed Iqbal¹, Naquibul Islam¹, Abdur Rasheed², Haider Ali Quraishi¹, Shameem Rather¹, Ruqaya Qayoom¹, Md Danish¹
¹Department of Moalajat, Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine, Srinagar, J and K.
²Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine, Bhadrak, Orissa.

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Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the commonest Endocrine disorders. It usually presents during adolescence with menstrual irregularities and weight gain, and with or without signs of hyperandrogenism such as acne and hirsutism. It often affects several family members and is aggravated by obesity. The incidence varies between 0.5 - 4 %. It is prevalent in young reproductive age group (20 -30%). Polycystic ovary may be seen in about 20% of normal women. In Unani System of Medicine, the disease has not been mentioned under the term of PCOS but the description of the disease has been described vividly by various Unani physicians under the headings of qillate tams (Oligomenorrhoea), ehtebas tams (amenorrhea), uqr (Infertility). The best known treatment of PCOS at present is by using allopathic medicines such as clomiphene citrate, metformin and tamoxifen. All these have mild to severe side effects including hot flushes, anorexia, nausea, metallic taste, flatulence, abdominal pain, mild diarrhoea, tiredness, vertigo and allergic dermatitis. So there is a need for alternative treatment. In order to provide safe and more effective medicine for PCOS, a meticulous attempt has been made in this review study to explore the utility of this age old drug Kalawnji (Nigella Sativa linn) in the management of PCOS.Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the commonest Endocrine disorders. It usually presents during adolescence with menstrual irregularities and weight gain, and with or without signs of hyperandrogenism such as acne and hirsutism. It often affects several family members and is aggravated by obesity. The incidence varies between 0.5 - 4 %. It is prevalent in young reproductive age group (20 -30%). Polycystic ovary may be seen in about 20% of normal women. In Unani System of Medicine, the disease has not been mentioned under the term of PCOS but the description of the disease has been described vividly by various Unani physicians under the headings of qillate tams (Oligomenorrhoea), ehtebas tams (amenorrhea), uqr (Infertility). The best known treatment of PCOS at present is by using allopathic medicines such as clomiphene citrate, metformin and tamoxifen. All these have mild to severe side effects including hot flushes, anorexia, nausea, metallic taste, flatulence, abdominal pain, mild diarrhoea, tiredness, vertigo and allergic dermatitis. So there is a need for alternative treatment. In order to provide safe and more effective medicine for PCOS, a meticulous attempt has been made in this review study to explore the utility of this age old drug Kalawnji (Nigella Sativa linn) in the management of PCOS.Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the commonest Endocrine disorders. It usually presents during adolescence with menstrual irregularities and weight gain, and with or without signs of hyperandrogenism such as acne and hirsutism. It often affects several family members and is aggravated by obesity. The incidence varies between 0.5 - 4 %. It is prevalent in young reproductive age group (20 -30%). Polycystic ovary may be seen in about 20% of normal women. In Unani System of Medicine, the disease has not been mentioned under the term of PCOS but the description of the disease has been described vividly by various Unani physicians under the headings of qillate tams (Oligomenorrhoea), ehtebas tams (amenorrhea), uqr (Infertility). The best known treatment of PCOS at present is by using allopathic medicines such as clomiphene citrate, metformin and tamoxifen. All these have mild to severe side effects including hot flushes, anorexia, nausea, metallic taste, flatulence, abdominal pain, mild diarrhoea, tiredness, vertigo and allergic dermatitis. So there is a need for alternative treatment. In order to provide safe and more effective medicine for PCOS, a meticulous attempt has been made in this review study to explore the utility of this age old drug Kalawnji (Nigella Sativa linn) in the management of PCO

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Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the commonest Endocrine disorders. It usually presents during adolescence with menstrual irregularities and weight gain, and with or without signs of hyperandrogenism such as acne and hirsutism. It often affects several family members and is aggravated by obesity. The incidence varies between 0.5 - 4 %. It is prevalent in young reproductive age group (20 -30%). Polycystic ovary may be seen in about 20% of normal women. In Unani System of Medicine, the disease has not been mentioned under the term of PCOS but the description of the disease has been described vividly by various Unani physicians under the headings of qillate tams (Oligomenorrhoea), ehtebas tams (amenorrhea), uqr (Infertility). The best known treatment of PCOS at present is by using allopathic medicines such as clomiphene citrate, metformin and tamoxifen. All these have mild to severe side effects including hot flushes, anorexia, nausea, metallic taste, flatulence, abdominal pain, mild diarrhoea, tiredness, vertigo and allergic dermatitis. So there is a need for alternative treatment. In order to provide safe and more effective medicine for PCOS, a meticulous attempt has been made in this review study to explore the utility of this age old drug Kalawnji (Nigella Sativa linn) in the management of PCOS.Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the commonest Endocrine disorders. It usually presents during adolescence with menstrual irregularities and weight gain, and with or without signs of hyperandrogenism such as acne and hirsutism. It often affects several family members and is aggravated by obesity. The incidence varies between 0.5 - 4 %. It is prevalent in young reproductive age group (20 -30%). Polycystic ovary may be seen in about 20% of normal women. In Unani System of Medicine, the disease has not been mentioned under the term of PCOS but the description of the disease has been described vividly by various Unani physicians under the headings of qillate tams (Oligomenorrhoea), ehtebas tams (amenorrhea), uqr (Infertility). The best known treatment of PCOS at present is by using allopathic medicines such as clomiphene citrate, metformin and tamoxifen. All these have mild to severe side effects including hot flushes, anorexia, nausea, metallic taste, flatulence, abdominal pain, mild diarrhoea, tiredness, vertigo and allergic dermatitis. So there is a need for alternative treatment. In order to provide safe and more effective medicine for PCOS, a meticulous attempt has been made in this review study to explore the utility of this age old drug Kalawnji (Nigella Sativa linn) in the management of PCOS.Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is one of the commonest Endocrine disorders. It usually presents during adolescence with menstrual irregularities and weight gain, and with or without signs of hyperandrogenism such as acne and hirsutism. It often affects several family members and is aggravated by obesity. The incidence varies between 0.5 - 4 %. It is prevalent in young reproductive age group (20 -30%). Polycystic ovary may be seen in about 20% of normal women. In Unani System of Medicine, the disease has not been mentioned under the term of PCOS but the description of the disease has been described vividly by various Unani physicians under the headings of qillate tams (Oligomenorrhoea), ehtebas tams (amenorrhea), uqr (Infertility). The best known treatment of PCOS at present is by using allopathic medicines such as clomiphene citrate, metformin and tamoxifen. All these have mild to severe side effects including hot flushes, anorexia, nausea, metallic taste, flatulence, abdominal pain, mild diarrhoea, tiredness, vertigo and allergic dermatitis. So there is a need for alternative treatment. In order to provide safe and more effective medicine for PCOS, a meticulous attempt has been made in this review study to explore the utility of this age old drug Kalawnji (Nigella Sativa linn) in the management of PCO

THERAPEUTIC EVALUATION OF ROLE OF AN UNANI FORMULATION IN THE MANAGEMENT OF FASAAD-E-TASHAHHUM-FID-DAM (DYSLIPIDEMIA) A REVIEW

Syed Sabahat Ashraf *, Naquibul Islam, Md Sheeraz, Arsheed Iqbal, Haider Ali Quraishi, Shabir Ahmad Bhat, Md Danish
Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine, Srinagar, J and K.

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CLINICAL STUDY FOR THE EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF IRSALE ALAQ (LEECH THERAPY) IN ECZEMA

Arsheed Iqbal^*1, Md Sheeraz¹, Afroza Jan¹, Haider Ali Quraishi¹, Raheem A²
¹Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine-University of Kashmir- Srinagar.J & K.
²CCRUM-Ministry of AYUSH-Govt. of India-New Delhi.

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CLINICAL EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF LEECHING IN KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS

Arsheed Iqbal^*1, Afroza Jan², Md.Sheeraz¹, Haider Ali Quraishi¹, M.A.Wajid³, Raheem A⁴
¹Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine, University of Kashmir, Srinagar , Jammu and Kashmir, India.
²Deoband Unani Medical Collage, Deoband- U.P.- India.
³Ex.Deputy Director- RRIUM-Srinagar- Ministry of AYUSH- Govt. of India - New Delhi.
⁴CCRUM-Ministry of AYUSH- Govt. of India - New Delhi.

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Background: Leeching Therapy (Irsal-e-Alaq) is an integral part of regimental therapy used in Unani System of Medicine. It has been successfully practiced by Greeko-Arabic physicians in the management of Joint disorders since antiquity. Osteoarthritis is the commonest form of arthritis and is a major cause of pain and disability in the elderly. The incidence of arthritis has increased considerably in present scenario. Objective: The present study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Leeching Therapy (Irsal-e-Alaq) in the patients of knee Osteoarthritis on scientific parameters. Methodology: The study was conducted in the Regimental Therapy ward RRIUM, Srinagar. 75 patients of OA were enrolled in the trial after obtaining their informed consents. All the patients were clinically assessed and diagnosed on the basis of thorough history, clinical and radiological examination of the affected joint. Then 2 fresh leeches were applied on the affected areas of the beard till leeches were belly filled and fell down of their own (approximately 45 minutes). Then antiseptic dressing was applied on the site. This leech therapy was done every after 15 days for two months. The efficacy of Leeching therapy was assessed on the basis of Western Ontario and McMaster University (WOMAC) Score and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) Score. Results: The results were analyzed statistically by using a Paired Students t-test. There was a significant reduction in the WOMAC and VAS scores of post-treatment group (P <0.01) as compared to pre-treatment group. Conclusion: It is concluded in this observational non comparison study that Leeching therapy may be used safely and effectively in the management of Osteoarthritis.Background: Leeching Therapy (Irsal-e-Alaq) is an integral part of regimental therapy used in Unani System of Medicine. It has been successfully practiced by Greeko-Arabic physicians in the management of Joint disorders since antiquity. Osteoarthritis is the commonest form of arthritis and is a major cause of pain and disability in the elderly. The incidence of arthritis has increased considerably in present scenario. Objective: The present study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Leeching Therapy (Irsal-e-Alaq) in the patients of knee Osteoarthritis on scientific parameters. Methodology: The study was conducted in the Regimental Therapy ward RRIUM, Srinagar. 75 patients of OA were enrolled in the trial after obtaining their informed consents. All the patients were clinically assessed and diagnosed on the basis of thorough history, clinical and radiological examination of the affected joint. Then 2 fresh leeches were applied on the affected areas of the beard till leeches were belly filled and fell down of their own (approximately 45 minutes). Then antiseptic dressing was applied on the site. This leech therapy was done every after 15 days for two months. The efficacy of Leeching therapy was assessed on the basis of Western Ontario and McMaster University (WOMAC) Score and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) Score. Results: The results were analyzed statistically by using a Paired Students t-test. There was a significant reduction in the WOMAC and VAS scores of post-treatment group (P <0.01) as compared to pre-treatment group. Conclusion: It is concluded in this observational non comparison study that Leeching therapy may be used safely and effectively in the management of Osteoarthritis.Background: Leeching Therapy (Irsal-e-Alaq) is an integral part of regimental therapy used in Unani System of Medicine. It has been successfully practiced by Greeko-Arabic physicians in the management of Joint disorders since antiquity. Osteoarthritis is the commonest form of arthritis and is a major cause of pain and disability in the elderly. The incidence of arthritis has increased considerably in present scenario. Objective: The present study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Leeching Therapy (Irsal-e-Alaq) in the patients of knee Osteoarthritis on scientific parameters. Methodology: The study was conducted in the Regimental Therapy ward RRIUM, Srinagar. 75 patients of OA were enrolled in the trial after obtaining their informed consents. All the patients were clinically assessed and diagnosed on the basis of thorough history, clinical and radiological examination of the affected joint. Then 2 fresh leeches were applied on the affected areas of the beard till leeches were belly filled and fell down of their own (approximately 45 minutes). Then antiseptic dressing was applied on the site. This leech therapy was done every after 15 days for two months. The efficacy of Leeching therapy was assessed on the basis of Western Ontario and McMaster University (WOMAC) Score and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) Score. Results: The results were analyzed statistically by using a Paired Students t-test. There was a significant reduction in the WOMAC and VAS scores of post-treatment group (P <0.01) as compared to pre-treatment group. Conclusion: It is concluded in this observational non comparison study that Leeching therapy may be used safely and effectively in the management of Osteoarthritis.

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Background: Leeching Therapy (Irsal-e-Alaq) is an integral part of regimental therapy used in Unani System of Medicine. It has been successfully practiced by Greeko-Arabic physicians in the management of Joint disorders since antiquity. Osteoarthritis is the commonest form of arthritis and is a major cause of pain and disability in the elderly. The incidence of arthritis has increased considerably in present scenario. Objective: The present study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Leeching Therapy (Irsal-e-Alaq) in the patients of knee Osteoarthritis on scientific parameters. Methodology: The study was conducted in the Regimental Therapy ward RRIUM, Srinagar. 75 patients of OA were enrolled in the trial after obtaining their informed consents. All the patients were clinically assessed and diagnosed on the basis of thorough history, clinical and radiological examination of the affected joint. Then 2 fresh leeches were applied on the affected areas of the beard till leeches were belly filled and fell down of their own (approximately 45 minutes). Then antiseptic dressing was applied on the site. This leech therapy was done every after 15 days for two months. The efficacy of Leeching therapy was assessed on the basis of Western Ontario and McMaster University (WOMAC) Score and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) Score. Results: The results were analyzed statistically by using a Paired Students t-test. There was a significant reduction in the WOMAC and VAS scores of post-treatment group (P <0.01) as compared to pre-treatment group. Conclusion: It is concluded in this observational non comparison study that Leeching therapy may be used safely and effectively in the management of Osteoarthritis.Background: Leeching Therapy (Irsal-e-Alaq) is an integral part of regimental therapy used in Unani System of Medicine. It has been successfully practiced by Greeko-Arabic physicians in the management of Joint disorders since antiquity. Osteoarthritis is the commonest form of arthritis and is a major cause of pain and disability in the elderly. The incidence of arthritis has increased considerably in present scenario. Objective: The present study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Leeching Therapy (Irsal-e-Alaq) in the patients of knee Osteoarthritis on scientific parameters. Methodology: The study was conducted in the Regimental Therapy ward RRIUM, Srinagar. 75 patients of OA were enrolled in the trial after obtaining their informed consents. All the patients were clinically assessed and diagnosed on the basis of thorough history, clinical and radiological examination of the affected joint. Then 2 fresh leeches were applied on the affected areas of the beard till leeches were belly filled and fell down of their own (approximately 45 minutes). Then antiseptic dressing was applied on the site. This leech therapy was done every after 15 days for two months. The efficacy of Leeching therapy was assessed on the basis of Western Ontario and McMaster University (WOMAC) Score and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) Score. Results: The results were analyzed statistically by using a Paired Students t-test. There was a significant reduction in the WOMAC and VAS scores of post-treatment group (P <0.01) as compared to pre-treatment group. Conclusion: It is concluded in this observational non comparison study that Leeching therapy may be used safely and effectively in the management of Osteoarthritis.Background: Leeching Therapy (Irsal-e-Alaq) is an integral part of regimental therapy used in Unani System of Medicine. It has been successfully practiced by Greeko-Arabic physicians in the management of Joint disorders since antiquity. Osteoarthritis is the commonest form of arthritis and is a major cause of pain and disability in the elderly. The incidence of arthritis has increased considerably in present scenario. Objective: The present study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Leeching Therapy (Irsal-e-Alaq) in the patients of knee Osteoarthritis on scientific parameters. Methodology: The study was conducted in the Regimental Therapy ward RRIUM, Srinagar. 75 patients of OA were enrolled in the trial after obtaining their informed consents. All the patients were clinically assessed and diagnosed on the basis of thorough history, clinical and radiological examination of the affected joint. Then 2 fresh leeches were applied on the affected areas of the beard till leeches were belly filled and fell down of their own (approximately 45 minutes). Then antiseptic dressing was applied on the site. This leech therapy was done every after 15 days for two months. The efficacy of Leeching therapy was assessed on the basis of Western Ontario and McMaster University (WOMAC) Score and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) Score. Results: The results were analyzed statistically by using a Paired Students t-test. There was a significant reduction in the WOMAC and VAS scores of post-treatment group (P <0.01) as compared to pre-treatment group. Conclusion: It is concluded in this observational non comparison study that Leeching therapy may be used safely and effectively in the management of Osteoarthritis.

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A STABILITY INDICATING RP-UPLC METHOD FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS QUANTIFICATION OF SOFOSBUVIR AND VELPATASVIR IN FINISHED DOSAGE FORM

B Lakshmi, P.Sunil Kumar Chaitanya^*,B.Chandrasekar
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis.,St.Pauls College of Pharmacy, Turkayamjal, Hyderabad.

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PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL REVIEW OF SIBR (ALOE BARBADENSIS)

Shahid Suhail¹, Shazia Jilani², Shama Khan³, Misba Naim⁴

¹Department of Moalajat, Deoband Unani Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Saharanpur.
²Department of Moalajat, School of Unani Medical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard.

³Department of Ilmul Atfal, Glocal Unani Medical college and Research Centre, Saharanpur.

⁴Department of Ilmul Qabalat-wa-Amraze Niswan, Deoband Unani Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Saharanpur.

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PASS: A COMPUTERIZED PREDICTION OF BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY SPECTRA FOR CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES

S.A Azeez Basha, Mohammad Yunoos, Juvaria Ahmed*
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Deccan School of Pharmacy, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana.

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ALCOHOL REHABILITATION: RIGHT TREATMENT AND NEW BEGINNING

Dr. T. Pranay Kumar^*1, Dr. G. V. Nagaraju, Dr. P. Kesava Swamy², Dr. K. Udaya Bhanu², Dr. M. D. Abdul Salam³
^*1Clinical Pharmacist, Help Hospital. Vijayawada Andhra Pradesh, India.
²Dept.of General Medicine Neel Jeer Hospitals, Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, India.
³Dept of Psychiatry KIMS Super Speciality Hospital, Amalapuram, Andhra Pradesh, India.

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TO ESTIMATE THE INCIDENCE AND TO IDENTIFY THE PREDICTORS OF POTENTIAL DRUG-DRUG INTERACTIONS IN PATIENTS ADMITTED TO CRITICAL CARE UNITS OF A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL AT JSS, MYSURU

Dr. Juneeta Anna Benny^*, Dr. V. Hemanth, Dr. Stanly P. Abraham, Dr. Chinmay Meher, Dr. M. Ramesh
Nirmala College of Pharmacy, Ernakulam, Kerala – 686661.

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EVALUTION OF CLINICAL SPECTRUM AND FREQUENCY OF PHOTODERMATOSES IN A SKIN SPECIALITY HOSPITAL

Dr. G. V. Nagaraju^*1, Dr. P. V. S. Haranath², Dr. Md. K. Rahaman², Dr. N. Tendu Pranadeep², Dr. G. V. Pavan Kumar³, N. Siva Parvathi³
^*1Dept. of Pharmacy Practice, Koringa College of Pharmacy, Kakinada, A.P, India.
²Dept.of Dermatology, Bhavya Skin Speciality hospital, Rajamundry, Andhra Pradesh, India.
³Clinical Pharmacist, Help Hospital, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India.

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In an attempt to study the frequency and clinical spectrum of photodermatoses in varied populations of rural and urban areas at a tertiary referral centre in BHAVYA Skin speciality hospital located in Rajamahendravaram town of Andhra Pradesh. The study was conducted from January 2016 - June 2016. We aim to find out the occurrence of photodermatoses by population based study, a total of 120 random participants; both male and female were included in the study with selection criteria. Patients of all age groups, Patients who were diagnosed with positive photo dermatoses, Patients who were willing to participate in the study, the type of photo dermatoses involved and most commonest one identified by Prospective, cross- sectional observation study in the Out-patient department of dermatology and venerology. The Research study begins with standard questionnaire for collecting patients demographic details, diagnosis of the presenting disease condition assesses the duration of exposure. The case study was reported for a period of six months and the data obtained from the questionnaires was analyzed in Microsoft excel 2013 .The people with age group of 68years were prone to photodermatoses at the rate of 57% of total cases and ages of 52(43%) of cases. In our study we found that dark skinned individuals are most affected with photodermatoses than fair- skinned individuals. The gender analysis in study reported that females are more affected than males with 58% and 42% respectively. In conclusion we represent that incidence of disease was more in the mid summer i.e. in the month of may, housewives were more affected with photodermatoses than others and mainly affected sites are face and neck (42%) followed by upper limbs (26%).Papule (50%) was the most common rash observed in many of patients followed by Macule (17%) and plaque (15%) the majority of the lesions were erythematous. Polymorphic light eruption (PMLE) was the commonest photodermatoses noticed in many of the individuals followed by actinic purigo and chronic actinic dermatitis.

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In an attempt to study the frequency and clinical spectrum of photodermatoses in varied populations of rural and urban areas at a tertiary referral centre in BHAVYA Skin speciality hospital located in Rajamahendravaram town of Andhra Pradesh. The study was conducted from January 2016 - June 2016. We aim to find out the occurrence of photodermatoses by population based study, a total of 120 random participants; both male and female were included in the study with selection criteria. Patients of all age groups, Patients who were diagnosed with positive photo dermatoses, Patients who were willing to participate in the study, the type of photo dermatoses involved and most commonest one identified by Prospective, cross- sectional observation study in the Out-patient department of dermatology and venerology. The Research study begins with standard questionnaire for collecting patients demographic details, diagnosis of the presenting disease condition assesses the duration of exposure. The case study was reported for a period of six months and the data obtained from the questionnaires was analyzed in Microsoft excel 2013 .The people with age group of 68years were prone to photodermatoses at the rate of 57% of total cases and ages of 52(43%) of cases. In our study we found that dark skinned individuals are most affected with photodermatoses than fair- skinned individuals. The gender analysis in study reported that females are more affected than males with 58% and 42% respectively. In conclusion we represent that incidence of disease was more in the mid summer i.e. in the month of may, housewives were more affected with photodermatoses than others and mainly affected sites are face and neck (42%) followed by upper limbs (26%).Papule (50%) was the most common rash observed in many of patients followed by Macule (17%) and plaque (15%) the majority of the lesions were erythematous. Polymorphic light eruption (PMLE) was the commonest photodermatoses noticed in many of the individuals followed by actinic purigo and chronic actinic dermatitis.

SYNTHESIS AND ANTI-BACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF 2-SUBSTITUTED-4,5-DIMETHYL IMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES

J. Prathyusha^*, N. S. Yamani, K. Prathyusha, Sneha, Chaitanya, Vinod, Amul
Bharat School of Pharmacy, Affiliated to JNTUH.

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FORCED DEGRADATION STUDY FOR ESTIMATION OF RELATED SUBSTANCES AND DEGRADANTS IN ALLOPURINOL TABLET AND ITS METHOD VALIDATION USING RP-HPLC

Manjri Kharia, Keerti Vishwakarma, P.K. Singour^*
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, VNS Group of Institutions, Neelbud, Bhopal-462044 (M.P.), India.

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EVALUATION OF QUALITY PARAMETERS OF THREE DIFFERENT MARKETED BRANDS OF AROGYAVARDHINI VATI: A HERBO-MINERAL FORMULATION

Princy Agarwal^*, Rajat Vaishnav, Anju Goyal
Department of Quality Assurance, Bhupal Nobles Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sevashram Road, Udaipur-313002, Rajasthan, India.

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FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF OILENTRAPPED FLOATING ALGINATE BEADS OF RANITIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE FOR SUSTAINED RELEASE

Hema Naga Durga Divvela^*1, Lohithasu Duppala², Srikavya Nelapudi¹
¹Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bhogapuram (M), Vizianagaram (Dist)-531162, Andhra Pradesh.
²A.U. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam-530003, Andhra Pradesh.

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ASSESMENT OF HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE OF PAITIENTS HAVING CARDIO VASCULAR DISEASES (CVD) ATTENDING DIFFERENT HOSPITALS IN QUETTA PAKISTAN

Asadullah¹, Sumaira Kanwal², Jalal ud din³, Muhammad Samsoor Zarak^4*, Hamaiyal sana⁴, Khushhal Khan⁵, Jaffar khan⁴, Muhammad Yasir Baloch⁴, Noman ul haq², Sohail Riaz², Aqeel Nasim⁵
¹Helmand Bost Hospital,
²University of Balochistan,
³Cardiology Department Bolan Medical Complex Hospital Quetta,
⁴Bolan Medical College Quetta,
⁵Balochistan Institute of Nephro and Urology, Quetta.

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A DETAILED REVIEW ON FAST DISSOLVING ORAL FILMS

T. Usha Kiran Reddy, K. Sunil Kumar Reddy*, Katta. Manogna, Prof. K. Thyagaraju
S V U College of Pharmaceutical Scieincs, S V Univeristy, Tirupati.

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PROTEOMIC STUDIES OF CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF COMMELINA COMMUNIS

Nagavalli Dhandapani*, Saranya Sundaralingama, Anu Baskaranb, Aruna Muthusamyb Brindha Vasudevanb, Dhivya Muruganb, Divya Gopalakrishnanb, Sujarithajayarajb
Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Adhiparasakthi College of Pharmacy, Melmaruvathur.

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DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF BOSENTAN PELLETS FOR PROLONGED DRUG RELEASE

Narender Karra^*, Narayana Raju P, Sivakumar R
Malla Reddy Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maisammaguda, Secunderabad, Telangana, India.
Geetanjali College of Pharmacy, Cheeryal, Medchal Dist, Telangana, India.

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REVIEW ON PUMPKIN SEED OIL (C. MAXIMA, C.PEPO)

E.Susithra, Paul Joplong Nongmin, P.Swathi, J.Magibalan, V.Balaji
Department of Pharmacognosy, School of pharmaceutical Sciences, Vels Institute of Science and Technology (VISTAS) Pallavaram, Chennai-600117, TamilNadu, India.

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DEVELOPMENT AND METHOD VALIDATION OF RP-HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION AND FORCED DEGRADATION OF CEFOPERAZONE AND TAZOBACTAM IN BULK AND PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM

Ansari Yunus N^1*, Patil Vikas V², Puri Abhijeet V¹.
¹St. John Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Palghar (MS) India.
²KVPS Institute of Pharmaceutical Education Boradi, Shirpur, (MS) India.

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EVALUATION OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF GUAZUMA TOMENTOSA L. LEAVES IN WISTER ALBINO RAT.

Mr. C. Yogesh^*, Mr. A. Imtiyaz, Dr. K.Vanita, Dr. R. Sudha
Oriental College of Pharmacy, Sector 2, Behind Sanpada Railway Station, Sanpada West, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra 400705.

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Guazuma Tomentosa.L a member of the Sterculiaceae family, is used in folk medicine because of its antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antihypertensive properties. Most of the research work carried out on this plant has focused on the leaves because of its high concentration of antioxidant, kaempferol, proanthocyanidins. The leaves and flowers of Guazuma tomentosa, though less studied, are also used as a remedy for different conditions, such as inflammation, kidney and gastrointestinal diseases, fever and diabetes. The aim of this study was to assess the anti-inflammatory effects of the ethanolic extract from leaves of Guazuma tomentosa in a model of carrageenan paw edema and leukocyte migration method by carrageenan as inflammatory agent, using the indomethacin as a reference. Therefore, the extract was administered single dose orally to three groups of Wistar rats at doses of 500, 250 and 125 mg/kg, with a indomethacin (10 mg/kg) was given of the extract. Pretreatment with Guazuma Tomentosa or indomethacin decreased the inflammation area in a dose-dependent way. In the present study, leaves extract of Guazuma tomentosa L., were studies for anti-inflammatory activity by in-vivo method. The extracts were found to possess significant activity at all selected doses i.e. 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight, Guazuma tomentosa L. showed comparable results with the standard drug. It showed maximum percentage inhibition of 53.25%, which were comparable with the Standard, indomethacin, which showed 51.08% inhibition. In leukocytes migration method by exudate volume standard shows 56.96% inhibition, while 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg ethanolic extract of Guazuma tomentosa L. The probable mechanism for the acute anti-inflammatory action could be due to anti-bradykinin activity and inhibition of synthesis of prostaglandins and other inflammatory mediators like histamine and serotonin in early hours of inflammation.

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Guazuma Tomentosa.L a member of the Sterculiaceae family, is used in folk medicine because of its antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antihypertensive properties. Most of the research work carried out on this plant has focused on the leaves because of its high concentration of antioxidant, kaempferol, proanthocyanidins. The leaves and flowers of Guazuma tomentosa, though less studied, are also used as a remedy for different conditions, such as inflammation, kidney and gastrointestinal diseases, fever and diabetes. The aim of this study was to assess the anti-inflammatory effects of the ethanolic extract from leaves of Guazuma tomentosa in a model of carrageenan paw edema and leukocyte migration method by carrageenan as inflammatory agent, using the indomethacin as a reference. Therefore, the extract was administered single dose orally to three groups of Wistar rats at doses of 500, 250 and 125 mg/kg, with a indomethacin (10 mg/kg) was given of the extract. Pretreatment with Guazuma Tomentosa or indomethacin decreased the inflammation area in a dose-dependent way. In the present study, leaves extract of Guazuma tomentosa L., were studies for anti-inflammatory activity by in-vivo method. The extracts were found to possess significant activity at all selected doses i.e. 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight, Guazuma tomentosa L. showed comparable results with the standard drug. It showed maximum percentage inhibition of 53.25%, which were comparable with the Standard, indomethacin, which showed 51.08% inhibition. In leukocytes migration method by exudate volume standard shows 56.96% inhibition, while 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg ethanolic extract of Guazuma tomentosa L. The probable mechanism for the acute anti-inflammatory action could be due to anti-bradykinin activity and inhibition of synthesis of prostaglandins and other inflammatory mediators like histamine and serotonin in early hours of inflammation.

SPR BIOSENSOR FOR EARLY AND RAPID DETECTION OF PROCALCITONIN, D-DIMER AND VITAMIN-D FROM HUMAN PLASMA / SERUM BY USING MINI VIDAS SYSTEM

Yuvaraj sampathkumar^1*, M.Dinakaran¹, N. Silambarashi², S.Elumalai³

¹Department of Clinical laboratory, Chennai National Hospital, 12A, Jaffer Syrang Street, Chennai - 600001.

¹Department of Cardiology, Chennai National Hospital, 12A, Jaffer Syrang Street, Chennai - 600001.

²Department of Microbiology, Vinayaka Mission’s Kirupananda Variyar Medical College & Hospitals, Salem.

³Department of Biotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai - 600 025.

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TRANSDERMAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM AN OVERVIEW

Mr. Arjun Bhamare, Mr. Rajendra Surawase, Mr. Dattatraya Shinkar Mr. Yashpal More
Loknete. Dr. J. D. Pawar College of pharmacy Manur (Kalwan) Tal. kalwan Dist. Nashik.

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PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF HERBAL FACE PACK

Bhawana Bhatt^*, Preeti kothiyal, Sudhakar Kaushik, Soniya Badoni
Shri Guru Ram Rai University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.

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FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF BIOADHESIVE BUCCAL DRUG DELIVERY OF LESINURAD TABLETS

Suresh Kumar.P^*, Bhavya.S, Sindhu.V, Bindhu.T.
Department of Pharmaceutics, Browns College of Pharmacy, Khammam, India.

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FORMULATION AND EVALUTION OF GASTRORETENTIVE MUCOADHESIVE TABLETS OF ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUG

Mohammad Bakhatwar*, Chikkala Siva Ramesh
Aditya College of Pharmacy, ABD Road, Surampalem, East Godavari.

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