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SEPTEMBER 2017

SIMULTANEOUS SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC ESTIMATION OF ISONIAZID AND PYRIDOXINE

Anitha K*1, T. M. Kalyankar2, U. A. Khedkar2, R. B. Gholve2
1Department of Chemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Ananthapuram - 515003, Andhra Pradesh, India.

2School of Pharmacy, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded - 431606, Maharashtra, India.

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A STUDY OF PATTERN OF REFERRALS IN LIAISON PSYCHIATRY

Dr Sally John^1*,Dr.Amrita Singam², Dr Sonia Mary Thomas³
¹Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Sawangi ,Wardha, Maharashtra Pin 442 001.
²Indira Gandhi Govt. Medical College, Department.of Pharmacology, Nagpur.
³Santhula Trust Hospital, Vadakkara, Oliyapuram P.O Kuthattukulam, Ernakulam Dt, Kerala.

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Liaison psychiatry specializes in bridging psychiatric services to other specialities. It has been actively intervening in the reduction of the communication gap between the various specialities in many health care setups. Thereby it provides them the ability to acquire adequate understanding about the intricacies involved in treating patients with physical and psychiatric co-morbidities. Efficient communication between different levels of care has a great impact on quality of health care. Objectives: To assess the source of referral, reason for referral, the psychiatric diagnosis of the patients referred and the Psychiatric treatment initiated by the referring team and the knowledge of the illness. Materials and method: The study was a cross sectional study conducted on the out patients and inpatients referred to the psychiatric department in a tertiary care hospital in central India. It was completed in the time period of 3 months from June 1st 2014 to August 15th 2014 with a sample size of 150 patients. All the referred patients were evaluated by a consultant psychiatrist and diagnosis was made according to the diagnostic guidelines of ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases -10th Edition). Results: Out of the total number of patients who were referred 79(52.6%) patients were males and 71(47.3%) were females. The mean age of the study population was 36.01 years. A majority of the patients belonged to the age group of 21-30 years. A majority of the referrals were made from the department of medicine (n=76, 50.6%).The various reasons for psychiatric referral were analyzed and it was found that the most common reason was the presence abnormal behaviour (n=37, 24.6%). The most common psychiatric diagnosis made was substance use disorders (n=51, 34%) Conclusion: The observations of our study clearly show that there is significant gap existing in consultation liaison psychiatry as reflected in the profile and patterns referrals assessed. Early diagnosis and management of psychiatric disorders in patients presenting to the other departments with various physical illnesses definitely hasten recovery, reduce morbidity and improve quality of life. The way ahead is too long in this field and the need for improving the liaison is crucial in reducing the burden of morbidity and improving the quality of life of the patient and their carers.

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Liaison psychiatry specializes in bridging psychiatric services to other specialities. It has been actively intervening in the reduction of the communication gap between the various specialities in many health care setups. Thereby it provides them the ability to acquire adequate understanding about the intricacies involved in treating patients with physical and psychiatric co-morbidities. Efficient communication between different levels of care has a great impact on quality of health care. Objectives: To assess the source of referral, reason for referral, the psychiatric diagnosis of the patients referred and the Psychiatric treatment initiated by the referring team and the knowledge of the illness. Materials and method: The study was a cross sectional study conducted on the out patients and inpatients referred to the psychiatric department in a tertiary care hospital in central India. It was completed in the time period of 3 months from June 1st 2014 to August 15th 2014 with a sample size of 150 patients. All the referred patients were evaluated by a consultant psychiatrist and diagnosis was made according to the diagnostic guidelines of ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases -10th Edition). Results: Out of the total number of patients who were referred 79(52.6%) patients were males and 71(47.3%) were females. The mean age of the study population was 36.01 years. A majority of the patients belonged to the age group of 21-30 years. A majority of the referrals were made from the department of medicine (n=76, 50.6%).The various reasons for psychiatric referral were analyzed and it was found that the most common reason was the presence abnormal behaviour (n=37, 24.6%). The most common psychiatric diagnosis made was substance use disorders (n=51, 34%) Conclusion: The observations of our study clearly show that there is significant gap existing in consultation liaison psychiatry as reflected in the profile and patterns referrals assessed. Early diagnosis and management of psychiatric disorders in patients presenting to the other departments with various physical illnesses definitely hasten recovery, reduce morbidity and improve quality of life. The way ahead is too long in this field and the need for improving the liaison is crucial in reducing the burden of morbidity and improving the quality of life of the patient and their carers.

ONE POT SYNTHESIS OF 1, 8- DIOXO -OCTAHYDROXANTHENES IN AQUASE PHASE USING ? - CYCLODEXTRIN AS AN EFFICIENT AND GREEN CATALYST

Shankar P Hangirgekar*, Vijay V Kumbhar,Navanand B Wadwale
School of Chemical Sciences, S.R.T.M.University, Nanded-431606, Maharashtra India.

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PHYTONUTRIENT COMPOSITION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF PROCESSED FLAXSEED

Dharshini¹, Dr.S.Sumayaa², Dr.T.Thirunalasundari ³

¹Research Scholar, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Thassim Beevi Abdul Kader College for Women, Kilakarai, Tamil Nadu, India.

²Head of the Department, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappali, Tamil Nadu, India.

³Principal, Thassim Beevi Abdul Kader College for Women, Kilakarai, Tamil Nadu, India.

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Flax is a nutraceutical with many nutritional benefits. Aside from the vitamins, minerals, fiber and protein it contains some primary and secondary metabolites. Flaxseed is a good source of omega-3 fatty acids. Through its high concentration of alpha-linolenic acid, flax provides more omega-3 fatty acids than any other grain. (57% of its fatty acids are omega-3s.) As the health revolution continues to evolve, look for it to be added to more and more processed foods to attain the health smart claim. Flaxseed (FS), a whole grain used as a nutritional supplement, has gained popularity because it is a rich source of natural antioxidants. Dietary intake of polyphenols has been associated to reduce risk of chronic diseases, such as heart disease, stress induced diabetes and cancer. This is probably due to their antioxidant properties. Many phenolic compounds have been detected in Flaxseed. Hence with the objectives to analyze the phytonutrient composition, assess the non-antioxidant enzymes vitamin A, E and C and find the antioxidant activity of processed flaxseed the study was carried out. The flaxseed was subjected to various methods of food processing like roasting, pressure cooking and soaking. The processed flaxseed was further analysed the primary and secondary metabolites and their antioxidants activity. This study does not show much variation in primary and secondary metabolites between the raw and roasted seeds. The acceptance and palatability was high in the case of roasted soybean and flaxseed because of their nutrients nutty flavour, colour and texture than the unprocessed seeds. Non- antioxidant enzymes, vitamin A, vitamin E and vitamin C content was high in both soaked and roasted flaxseed. Antioxidant activity was high in roasted and soaked flaxseed. Thus the presence of these phytonutrient and antioxidant activity of processed namely roasted and soaked flaxseeds indicates that, it has a potential of being used in formulations prepared for food consumption. Flaxseed could also be a remedy for the major killer diseases like cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.

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Flax is a nutraceutical with many nutritional benefits. Aside from the vitamins, minerals, fiber and protein it contains some primary and secondary metabolites. Flaxseed is a good source of omega-3 fatty acids. Through its high concentration of alpha-linolenic acid, flax provides more omega-3 fatty acids than any other grain. (57% of its fatty acids are omega-3s.) As the health revolution continues to evolve, look for it to be added to more and more processed foods to attain the health smart claim. Flaxseed (FS), a whole grain used as a nutritional supplement, has gained popularity because it is a rich source of natural antioxidants. Dietary intake of polyphenols has been associated to reduce risk of chronic diseases, such as heart disease, stress induced diabetes and cancer. This is probably due to their antioxidant properties. Many phenolic compounds have been detected in Flaxseed. Hence with the objectives to analyze the phytonutrient composition, assess the non-antioxidant enzymes vitamin A, E and C and find the antioxidant activity of processed flaxseed the study was carried out. The flaxseed was subjected to various methods of food processing like roasting, pressure cooking and soaking. The processed flaxseed was further analysed the primary and secondary metabolites and their antioxidants activity. This study does not show much variation in primary and secondary metabolites between the raw and roasted seeds. The acceptance and palatability was high in the case of roasted soybean and flaxseed because of their nutrients nutty flavour, colour and texture than the unprocessed seeds. Non- antioxidant enzymes, vitamin A, vitamin E and vitamin C content was high in both soaked and roasted flaxseed. Antioxidant activity was high in roasted and soaked flaxseed. Thus the presence of these phytonutrient and antioxidant activity of processed namely roasted and soaked flaxseeds indicates that, it has a potential of being used in formulations prepared for food consumption. Flaxseed could also be a remedy for the major killer diseases like cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.

HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF ANTIVIRAL DRUGS, GRAZOPREVIR AND ELBASVIR, SIMULTANEOUSLY IN BULK AND IN TABLETS

Pallapati Suman^1,2*, Tirukkovalluri Siva Rao¹, Kallam Venkata Siva Rama Krishna Reddy²
¹Department of Inorganic & Analytical Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India - 530003.
²Laurus Labs Limited, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India - 531021.

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AN IMPACT OF EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTION OF ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS REPORTING TO AMC-PvPI AMONG NURSES IN TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL

Venkata RamaRao Nallani^*1, Dr.Rama Rao Nadendla², Dr. Khemchand Gupta³, Dr. Zahedabano⁴
¹Pacific Academy of Higher Education & Research University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.
²Chalapathi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guntur.
³Associate Professor, Paher University, Udaipur.
⁴Dept of Pharmacology, Guntur Medical College, Guntur.

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CLINICAL PHARMACIST IS KEY ROLE OF THE PATIENT-CENTERED CARE IN TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITALS IN INDIAN SENERIO

Venkata Ramarao Nallani^*1, Prof.Rama Rao Nadendla², Dr. Khemchand Gupta³, Dr. Zahedabano⁴
¹Pacific Academy of Higher Education & Research University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.
²Chalapathi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guntur.
³Associate Professor, PAHER University, Udaipur.

⁴Dept of Pharmacology, Guntur Medical College, Guntur.

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Pharmacist traditionally involving compounding, production and dispensing of drugs from ancient times. As the diseases and sedentary life style leads to complications to use of more medications to manage the disease and life style problems, this is the time to identify the unsafe and irrationalize medicine medical therapy has emerged. This has also contributed to clinical pharmacists being more involved in patient-centered pharmacotherapy. A large literature documents the multiple roles clinical pharmacists can play in a variety of health care settings. The main aim of the study is role of clinical pharmacist in modifying disease outcome by patient centered care in the medical wards.Clinical pharmacist role between physician and patient to provide drug information, economic benefits, patient compliance, drug related problems (DRP), to determine the effect of patient counseling on quality of life of patient. METHODOLOGY- The prospective observational study to conducts for a period of two and half years about 30 months in patient departments in a tertiary care hospital in South India. promoting better medication use, ensuring that patients receive appropriate pharmacotherapy, thus minimizing the risk of unfavorable outcomes of pharmacotherapy adherence scale. RESULTS & DISCUSSION- A total of 1263 patients out of 6548 inpatients of general medicine department were followed out of which having one or more drug related problems. Female (56.7%) [Table-22] predominance was noted over males (43.3%). Drug related problems were more commonly seen in patients aged between 41-60 years, (47.92 %). A total of 240 drug related problems were identified. Most of the DRP observed in the study resulted from the inappropriate drug dosing problems (25.42%) followed by drug selection (24.16%)[Table-23]. Majority of the clinical pharmacist recommendations were on drug discontinuation (29.58%) and drug doses change (22.6%). CONCLUSION- The study concludes that involving clinical pharmacist services in patients care can significantly helps to identify, resolve and prevent the DRPs in the hospital thereby enhancing the patients outcomes. Furthermore, the suggestions provided by the clinical pharmacist during the intervention were well accepted by the physician thus the collaborative approach of physician and clinical pharmacist can provide better patients centre care outcomes. The study stresses the importance of clinical pharmacist in health care sector and impeccable role in patients care.

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Pharmacist traditionally involving compounding, production and dispensing of drugs from ancient times. As the diseases and sedentary life style leads to complications to use of more medications to manage the disease and life style problems, this is the time to identify the unsafe and irrationalize medicine medical therapy has emerged. This has also contributed to clinical pharmacists being more involved in patient-centered pharmacotherapy. A large literature documents the multiple roles clinical pharmacists can play in a variety of health care settings. The main aim of the study is role of clinical pharmacist in modifying disease outcome by patient centered care in the medical wards.Clinical pharmacist role between physician and patient to provide drug information, economic benefits, patient compliance, drug related problems (DRP), to determine the effect of patient counseling on quality of life of patient. METHODOLOGY- The prospective observational study to conducts for a period of two and half years about 30 months in patient departments in a tertiary care hospital in South India. promoting better medication use, ensuring that patients receive appropriate pharmacotherapy, thus minimizing the risk of unfavorable outcomes of pharmacotherapy adherence scale. RESULTS & DISCUSSION- A total of 1263 patients out of 6548 inpatients of general medicine department were followed out of which having one or more drug related problems. Female (56.7%) [Table-22] predominance was noted over males (43.3%). Drug related problems were more commonly seen in patients aged between 41-60 years, (47.92 %). A total of 240 drug related problems were identified. Most of the DRP observed in the study resulted from the inappropriate drug dosing problems (25.42%) followed by drug selection (24.16%)[Table-23]. Majority of the clinical pharmacist recommendations were on drug discontinuation (29.58%) and drug doses change (22.6%). CONCLUSION- The study concludes that involving clinical pharmacist services in patients care can significantly helps to identify, resolve and prevent the DRPs in the hospital thereby enhancing the patients outcomes. Furthermore, the suggestions provided by the clinical pharmacist during the intervention were well accepted by the physician thus the collaborative approach of physician and clinical pharmacist can provide better patients centre care outcomes. The study stresses the importance of clinical pharmacist in health care sector and impeccable role in patients care.

REVIEW ON TRANSUNGUAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

Jeremiah M Christi*, Chintan Aundhia, Avinash Seth, Nirmal Shah, Dip Kondhia, Snehal Patel

Department of Pharmacy, Sumandeep Vidhyapeeth, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.

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LARVICIDAL ACTIVITY OF EXTRACTS FROM MYXOPYRUM SERRATULUM A.W.HILL AGAINST AEDES AEGYPTI L

S Venkatachalapathi^1*, Ebin Thomas², Subban Ravi²

¹Department of Chemistry (S & H), Jay Shriram Group of Institutions, Tirupur, Tamilnadu, India.

²Department of Chemistry, Karpagam University, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India.

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MICROPROPAGATION FROM AGERATUM CONYZOIDES L.

R. Rethinam*, R. Jeyachandran

Department of Botany, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli - 620 002, India.

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ANALGESIC AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF LEAF EXTRACTS OF ERYTHRINA VARIEGATE

Y.Bhagyasri, G. Nagalatha, N. Vinay reddy, N.Siva Subramanian

Gland Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sy No.551, Shangri-La, Kothapet (V), Sivampet (M), Near Narsapur, Medak (Dist) Telangana, 502313.

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FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF EZETIMIBE LOADED SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLES

Mayuri Desai, Divya Shah, Jayant Sarolia, Pranav Shah*, Jaimini Gandhi

Department of Pharmaceutics, Maliba Pharmacy College, Uka Tarsadia University, Gopal Vidyanagar Campus, Surat, Gujarat, India.

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AN EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF IPOMOEA CARNEA LEAVES EXTRACT AS ANTI-FURUNCLE MODALITY: A PRELIMINARY STUDY

Nem Kumar Jain^*1, Vibhu Jha², Nikhil Shrivastava¹, Vipul Sihare¹, Aditya Jain¹

¹Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, ITM University Gwalior, M. P., India.

²Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, ITM University Gwalior, M. P., India.

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UTILIZATION OF ANTIBIOTICS IN PATIENTS WITH URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS ï¿½ A STUDY

Anamika Chalise¹, Bidhan Kafle¹, Saman Sharifi¹, Vrinda S. Kumar¹, Mahesh N.M.², Rajiv Kumar Saxena³, Shashidhar G.⁴

¹Department of Pharmacy Practice, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, affiliated with Rajiv Gandhi University of Health and Sciences, Bangalore-560035, India.

²Department of Pharmacy Practice, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Bangalore- 560035, India.

³Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology MVJ Medical College & Research Hospital, Bangalore, India.

⁴Department of General Medicine, MVJ Medical College & Research Hospital, Bangalore, India.

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STUDIES ON A HYDROPHILIC CELLULOSE MATRIX DERIVED FROM IPOMOEA BATATAS TUBERS I: PROCESSING AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Kenneth Chinedu Ugoeze, Nkemakolam Nwachukwu*, Favour Chiamaka Anumaka, Goodness Nwovuhoma Ezioka

Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

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A REVIEW ON ADULTERATION OF MILK

M.N.L. Aishwarya*, Dr. Mohammad Badrud Duza

Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Seven Hills College of Pharmacy, Tirupati.

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CURRENT TRETMENT OF EPILEPSY: STATE OF ART

Katta Manogna¹, A. Ravikumar²

¹SVU College of Pharmaceutical Scieincs, Sv Univeristy, Tirupati.

²Analytical Reviewer, Dicel Chiral Technology, Turakapalli, Shameerpet.

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DETERMINATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF PACLITAXEL IN HUMAN PLASMA BY LC-MS/MS: APPLIED METHOD TO THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING

Pallavi H. Tank, Dr. Sachin K. Parmar

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot.

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PHASE SOLUBILITY STUDIES OF GLIMEPIRIDE WITH Î²-CYCLODEXTRIN AND HYDROXY PROPYL-Î²-CYCLODEXTRIN IN DIFFERENT pH

Chopade Tanaji Abhiman, Joshi Hrushikesh Anantrao

Department of Pharmaceutics, Shivnagar Vidya Prasarak Mandal’s College of Pharmacy, Malegaon(Bk), Baramati, Dist. Pune, Maharashtra, India 413115.

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IMPACT OF CLINICAL PHARMACIST CARE ON QUALITY OF LIFE IN CERVICAL CANCER PATIENTS ON CHEMORADIATION

N.Tejaswi^1*, Y.Triveni¹, M.Indira Priyadarshini¹, Dr.A.Satish Kumar², P.Sharmila Nirojini¹, M.Maneesh Kumar¹, Prof.Rama Rao Nadendla¹

¹Department of Pharmacy Practice, Chalapathi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lam, Guntur.

²Department of Radiotherapy, Government General Hospital, Guntur.

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EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT AND HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITIES OF KYLLINGA TRICEPS ROTTB. RHIZOMES IN CARBON TETRA CHLORIDE-INTOXICATED RATS

Amit Upadhyay*, Dr. Suman Jain

School of Studies Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiwaji University, Gwalior (M.P.)

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FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF A NEW LIPOSOMAL DRUG-IN-ADHESIVE PATCH FOR TRANSDERMAL DELIVERY OF SUMATRIPTAN SUCCINATE

M. Srujan Kumar^1*, Anna Balaji²

¹Institute of Pharmaceutical and Research Center, Bhagwant University, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India-305004.

²Pathfinder Institute of Pharmacy Education and Research, Warangal, Telangana, India-506005.

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The transdermal route of drug delivery has gained great interest of pharmaceutical research, as it circumvents number of problems associated with oral route of drug administration. In this study a transfersomal gel was fabricated using liposome-based nano carrier transfersome. Transfersomes as ultra-sfigurabile liposomes are prepared by rotary evaporation method with the composition of soyalecithin as lipid and propylene glycol as surfactant. Sumatriptan was selected as model drug for the treatment of migraine. Migraine is a chronic disease and the first line agents useful in treatment include NSAID’S and triptans .In recent years, most of the triptans have been designed to deliver the drug in the form of transdermal application to avoid gastrointestinal irritation, to overcome first pass effect and to maximize the drug concentration at the site of action. The present study describes the effect of sonication on size of transfersomes for future fabrication of transfersome into Lipo-drug-In-Adhesive Patch. Transfersomes were evaluated for vesicle size; polydispersity index, zeta potential, SEM, entrapment efficiency and transfersomal gel were evaluated for In Vitro Diffusion Studies. Optimized formulation of transfersomes are further are further fabricated into patch system. The prepared formulations were evaluated for various parameters like thickness, tensile strength, folding endurance, % elongation, % moisture content, % moisture uptake, % drug content, in vitro drug release, in vitro permeation, kinetic modeling, adhesion properties and stability studies. Formulation T1 showed desirable permeation of about 99.15 at the end of 12 hours with transdermal flux of 9.288 (μg/cm2/h) and permeability coefficient 1.54 (cm/h) Patch system might follow zero-order kinetics as it was evident by correlation coefficients R2 (0.924), better fit than first order R2 (0.783) and Higuchi model R2 (0.991).

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The transdermal route of drug delivery has gained great interest of pharmaceutical research, as it circumvents number of problems associated with oral route of drug administration. In this study a transfersomal gel was fabricated using liposome-based nano carrier transfersome. Transfersomes as ultra-sfigurabile liposomes are prepared by rotary evaporation method with the composition of soyalecithin as lipid and propylene glycol as surfactant. Sumatriptan was selected as model drug for the treatment of migraine. Migraine is a chronic disease and the first line agents useful in treatment include NSAID’S and triptans .In recent years, most of the triptans have been designed to deliver the drug in the form of transdermal application to avoid gastrointestinal irritation, to overcome first pass effect and to maximize the drug concentration at the site of action. The present study describes the effect of sonication on size of transfersomes for future fabrication of transfersome into Lipo-drug-In-Adhesive Patch. Transfersomes were evaluated for vesicle size; polydispersity index, zeta potential, SEM, entrapment efficiency and transfersomal gel were evaluated for In Vitro Diffusion Studies. Optimized formulation of transfersomes are further are further fabricated into patch system. The prepared formulations were evaluated for various parameters like thickness, tensile strength, folding endurance, % elongation, % moisture content, % moisture uptake, % drug content, in vitro drug release, in vitro permeation, kinetic modeling, adhesion properties and stability studies. Formulation T1 showed desirable permeation of about 99.15 at the end of 12 hours with transdermal flux of 9.288 (μg/cm2/h) and permeability coefficient 1.54 (cm/h) Patch system might follow zero-order kinetics as it was evident by correlation coefficients R2 (0.924), better fit than first order R2 (0.783) and Higuchi model R2 (0.991).

FIRST REPORT OF BIOCONTROL OF PHYTOPATHOGEN CURVULARIA IN EMBLICA OFFICINALIS BY PLANT EXTRACTS IN RAJASTHAN

Shruti Ojha, Dr. Mamta Goyal

Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Samrat Prithvi Raj Chauhan Government College, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India.

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EXTRACTION, PARTIAL PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BROMELAIN ENZYME FROM PINEAPPLE (ANANAS COMOSUS)

Indumathy .S¹, Kiruthiga .K¹, Saraswathi .K², Arumugam .P³

¹Arunai Engineering College, Velu Nagar, SH 9, Tamil Nadu – 606 603.

²Karpaga Vinayaga College of Engineering and Technology, Madhuranthagam, Kancheepuram – 603 308.

³Armats Biotek Training and Research Institute, Maduvinkarai, Guindy, Chennai – 600 032.

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REVIEW OF EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

T.Sudha*, G.Divya, J.Sujaritha, P. Duraimurugan

Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Adhiparasakthi College of Pharmacy, Melmaruvathur-603 319.

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ENHANCEMENT OF AQUEOUS SOLUBILITY OF CARVEDILOL BY LIQUISOLID TECHNIQUE.

Malavi R. Bhavsar*, Anand D.Savkare

MVP Samaj’s College of Pharmacy, Nashik, Maharashtra, India.

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PHARMACOPHORE MODELLING FOR THE DISCOVERY OF SYSTEM XC- ANTIPORTER INHIBITORS

Dhaval V. Patel, Mukesh Nandave, Prashant S. Kharkar

SPP School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Mumbai, India.

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Cancer is one of the major disorders with increasing rates of morbidity and mortality. Recent drug discovery of anti cancer drug has identified several molecular targets and tried to achieve a goal of therapeutic effecative and safe molecule. Amongst these, system xc- antiporter is a novel promising target to control cancer progression. This antiporter is found to be over expressed in majority of cancer cells and functions by transporting amino acids, cystine and glutamate, in opposite directions. System xc- antiporter uptakes one molecule of cystine with the release of one molecule of glutamate in extracellular space. As already known cystine is precursor for the synthesis of glutathione, an in vivo antioxidant which is utilized by cancer cells to combat oxidative stress. At the other side the released glutamate (an excitatory neurotransmitter), when released in higher concentration, may over excite neurones (specifically and brain tumour) causing cell death to metastasise cancer cells. Therefore, through inhibition of system xc- antiporter, it is possible to kill cancer cells by disturbing their redox status along with through prevention of excitotoxcity by glutamate. In context to this, several researches have reported diverse molecules having system xc- antiporter inhibition potential. Amongst these molecules, erastin and its analogues are most potent system xc- antiporter inhibitors but it lacks preclinical data. Moreover, sulfasalazine, a FDA approved drug also showed good inhibition potential against this antiporter and therefore in our study we have attempted to construct pharmacophore model using this series to aid in the discovery of potent inhibitors with desirable safety. Results of this study exhibited successful development of pharmacophore model with phase survival score. Additionally, fit scores of sulfasalazine analogues were also in acceptable range. Hence, the developed pharmacophore model may be used for design of potent System xc- antiporter inhibitors.

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Cancer is one of the major disorders with increasing rates of morbidity and mortality. Recent drug discovery of anti cancer drug has identified several molecular targets and tried to achieve a goal of therapeutic effecative and safe molecule. Amongst these, system xc- antiporter is a novel promising target to control cancer progression. This antiporter is found to be over expressed in majority of cancer cells and functions by transporting amino acids, cystine and glutamate, in opposite directions. System xc- antiporter uptakes one molecule of cystine with the release of one molecule of glutamate in extracellular space. As already known cystine is precursor for the synthesis of glutathione, an in vivo antioxidant which is utilized by cancer cells to combat oxidative stress. At the other side the released glutamate (an excitatory neurotransmitter), when released in higher concentration, may over excite neurones (specifically and brain tumour) causing cell death to metastasise cancer cells. Therefore, through inhibition of system xc- antiporter, it is possible to kill cancer cells by disturbing their redox status along with through prevention of excitotoxcity by glutamate. In context to this, several researches have reported diverse molecules having system xc- antiporter inhibition potential. Amongst these molecules, erastin and its analogues are most potent system xc- antiporter inhibitors but it lacks preclinical data. Moreover, sulfasalazine, a FDA approved drug also showed good inhibition potential against this antiporter and therefore in our study we have attempted to construct pharmacophore model using this series to aid in the discovery of potent inhibitors with desirable safety. Results of this study exhibited successful development of pharmacophore model with phase survival score. Additionally, fit scores of sulfasalazine analogues were also in acceptable range. Hence, the developed pharmacophore model may be used for design of potent System xc- antiporter inhibitors.

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF RP-HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF IVERMECTIN AND CLORSULON IN IVERCAM INJECTION

Vegad Kunjal L*, Paranjape Dipty B., Shah Dhwani A., Patel Ekta D., Patel Yogesh K., Patel Kaushik R.

Sharda School of Pharmacy, Gandhinagar, Pethapur.

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FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF STABLE DOSAGE FORM OF AMLODIPINE BESYALTE AND BENAZEPRIL HYDROCHLORIDE TO OVERCOME PHYSICAL INCOMPATIBILITY

Rekha K. Wakhare*, Anand D. Savkare, Priyanka R. Nighute, Priyanka S. Pagar

Department of Pharmaceutics, MVP Samaj’s College of Pharmacy Nashik, Maharashtra, India.

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PRESCRIBERSï¿½ ADHERENCE TO THE BASIC PRINCIPLES OF PRESCRIPTION ORDER WRITING IN A TEACHING HOSPITAL, ETHIOPIA

Teshale Ayele¹, Tessema Tsehay², Haymanot Bedada²

¹Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Health Sciences, School of pharmacy, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.

²Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University, Ethiopia.

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Background: Prescription, a therapeutic transaction between physicians and patient, must be error free, legible and contains all the information to facilitate the dispensing process. However, most of the prescriptions written and arrived at dispensing units are incomplete making the dispensing activity more complicated. Objective: To assess prescribers’ adherence to the basic principles of standard prescription order writing in the different pharmacy units of Mizan Tepi University Teaching Hospital (MTUTH), Ethiopia. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in MTUTH from 5-24, March 2016. Data was extracted from prescription papers using structured data collection format. Three hundred ninety six prescription papers were selected using systematic random sampling method from prescription papers collected over one year period. The data was filled in well-structured checklist and analyzed using SPSS windows version 20 for frequency distribution. Results: Of 396 prescription papers analyzed, only 11(2.7%) prescription papers contained complete patient information. On the other hand, 345(87.1%), 142(35.9%), 357(90.2%), and 272(68.7%) prescription papers contained strength, dose, frequency of administration of drugs and duration of treatment, respectively. Only 17(4.3%) prescription papers contained complete dosage regimen recommendations. Complete prescribers information was found in 268(69.8%) prescription papers. Generally, none of the prescriptions papers complete; i.e., at least one variable was missing. Conclusions: The study revealed a good adherence of prescribers on the basic principles of prescription order writing for some variables and poor adherence for other variables. In order to minimize the therapeutic errors, prescribers should adhere to these principles and hence write all the necessary information required to make prescription papers valid for dispensing. Dispensers on their behalf should not dispense prescription papers with incomplete information. Large scale future studies are important on the area.

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Abstract

Background: Prescription, a therapeutic transaction between physicians and patient, must be error free, legible and contains all the information to facilitate the dispensing process. However, most of the prescriptions written and arrived at dispensing units are incomplete making the dispensing activity more complicated. Objective: To assess prescribers’ adherence to the basic principles of standard prescription order writing in the different pharmacy units of Mizan Tepi University Teaching Hospital (MTUTH), Ethiopia. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in MTUTH from 5-24, March 2016. Data was extracted from prescription papers using structured data collection format. Three hundred ninety six prescription papers were selected using systematic random sampling method from prescription papers collected over one year period. The data was filled in well-structured checklist and analyzed using SPSS windows version 20 for frequency distribution. Results: Of 396 prescription papers analyzed, only 11(2.7%) prescription papers contained complete patient information. On the other hand, 345(87.1%), 142(35.9%), 357(90.2%), and 272(68.7%) prescription papers contained strength, dose, frequency of administration of drugs and duration of treatment, respectively. Only 17(4.3%) prescription papers contained complete dosage regimen recommendations. Complete prescribers information was found in 268(69.8%) prescription papers. Generally, none of the prescriptions papers complete; i.e., at least one variable was missing. Conclusions: The study revealed a good adherence of prescribers on the basic principles of prescription order writing for some variables and poor adherence for other variables. In order to minimize the therapeutic errors, prescribers should adhere to these principles and hence write all the necessary information required to make prescription papers valid for dispensing. Dispensers on their behalf should not dispense prescription papers with incomplete information. Large scale future studies are important on the area.