Welcome to Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

OCTOBER 2017

SIMULTANEOUS SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC ESTIMATION OF ISONIAZID AND PYRIDOXINE

Anitha K*1, T. M. Kalyankar2, U. A. Khedkar2, R. B. Gholve2
1Department of Chemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Ananthapuram - 515003, Andhra Pradesh, India.

2School of Pharmacy, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded - 431606, Maharashtra, India.

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A STUDY OF PATTERN OF REFERRALS IN LIAISON PSYCHIATRY

Dr Sally John^1*,Dr.Amrita Singam², Dr Sonia Mary Thomas³
¹Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Sawangi ,Wardha, Maharashtra Pin 442 001.
²Indira Gandhi Govt. Medical College, Department.of Pharmacology, Nagpur.
³Santhula Trust Hospital, Vadakkara, Oliyapuram P.O Kuthattukulam, Ernakulam Dt, Kerala.

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Liaison psychiatry specializes in bridging psychiatric services to other specialities. It has been actively intervening in the reduction of the communication gap between the various specialities in many health care setups. Thereby it provides them the ability to acquire adequate understanding about the intricacies involved in treating patients with physical and psychiatric co-morbidities. Efficient communication between different levels of care has a great impact on quality of health care. Objectives: To assess the source of referral, reason for referral, the psychiatric diagnosis of the patients referred and the Psychiatric treatment initiated by the referring team and the knowledge of the illness. Materials and method: The study was a cross sectional study conducted on the out patients and inpatients referred to the psychiatric department in a tertiary care hospital in central India. It was completed in the time period of 3 months from June 1st 2014 to August 15th 2014 with a sample size of 150 patients. All the referred patients were evaluated by a consultant psychiatrist and diagnosis was made according to the diagnostic guidelines of ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases -10th Edition). Results: Out of the total number of patients who were referred 79(52.6%) patients were males and 71(47.3%) were females. The mean age of the study population was 36.01 years. A majority of the patients belonged to the age group of 21-30 years. A majority of the referrals were made from the department of medicine (n=76, 50.6%).The various reasons for psychiatric referral were analyzed and it was found that the most common reason was the presence abnormal behaviour (n=37, 24.6%). The most common psychiatric diagnosis made was substance use disorders (n=51, 34%) Conclusion: The observations of our study clearly show that there is significant gap existing in consultation liaison psychiatry as reflected in the profile and patterns referrals assessed. Early diagnosis and management of psychiatric disorders in patients presenting to the other departments with various physical illnesses definitely hasten recovery, reduce morbidity and improve quality of life. The way ahead is too long in this field and the need for improving the liaison is crucial in reducing the burden of morbidity and improving the quality of life of the patient and their carers.

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Liaison psychiatry specializes in bridging psychiatric services to other specialities. It has been actively intervening in the reduction of the communication gap between the various specialities in many health care setups. Thereby it provides them the ability to acquire adequate understanding about the intricacies involved in treating patients with physical and psychiatric co-morbidities. Efficient communication between different levels of care has a great impact on quality of health care. Objectives: To assess the source of referral, reason for referral, the psychiatric diagnosis of the patients referred and the Psychiatric treatment initiated by the referring team and the knowledge of the illness. Materials and method: The study was a cross sectional study conducted on the out patients and inpatients referred to the psychiatric department in a tertiary care hospital in central India. It was completed in the time period of 3 months from June 1st 2014 to August 15th 2014 with a sample size of 150 patients. All the referred patients were evaluated by a consultant psychiatrist and diagnosis was made according to the diagnostic guidelines of ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases -10th Edition). Results: Out of the total number of patients who were referred 79(52.6%) patients were males and 71(47.3%) were females. The mean age of the study population was 36.01 years. A majority of the patients belonged to the age group of 21-30 years. A majority of the referrals were made from the department of medicine (n=76, 50.6%).The various reasons for psychiatric referral were analyzed and it was found that the most common reason was the presence abnormal behaviour (n=37, 24.6%). The most common psychiatric diagnosis made was substance use disorders (n=51, 34%) Conclusion: The observations of our study clearly show that there is significant gap existing in consultation liaison psychiatry as reflected in the profile and patterns referrals assessed. Early diagnosis and management of psychiatric disorders in patients presenting to the other departments with various physical illnesses definitely hasten recovery, reduce morbidity and improve quality of life. The way ahead is too long in this field and the need for improving the liaison is crucial in reducing the burden of morbidity and improving the quality of life of the patient and their carers.

ONE POT SYNTHESIS OF 1, 8- DIOXO -OCTAHYDROXANTHENES IN AQUASE PHASE USING ? - CYCLODEXTRIN AS AN EFFICIENT AND GREEN CATALYST

Shankar P Hangirgekar*, Vijay V Kumbhar,Navanand B Wadwale
School of Chemical Sciences, S.R.T.M.University, Nanded-431606, Maharashtra India.

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PHYTONUTRIENT COMPOSITION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF PROCESSED FLAXSEED

Dharshini¹, Dr.S.Sumayaa², Dr.T.Thirunalasundari ³

¹Research Scholar, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Thassim Beevi Abdul Kader College for Women, Kilakarai, Tamil Nadu, India.

²Head of the Department, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappali, Tamil Nadu, India.

³Principal, Thassim Beevi Abdul Kader College for Women, Kilakarai, Tamil Nadu, India.

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Flax is a nutraceutical with many nutritional benefits. Aside from the vitamins, minerals, fiber and protein it contains some primary and secondary metabolites. Flaxseed is a good source of omega-3 fatty acids. Through its high concentration of alpha-linolenic acid, flax provides more omega-3 fatty acids than any other grain. (57% of its fatty acids are omega-3s.) As the health revolution continues to evolve, look for it to be added to more and more processed foods to attain the health smart claim. Flaxseed (FS), a whole grain used as a nutritional supplement, has gained popularity because it is a rich source of natural antioxidants. Dietary intake of polyphenols has been associated to reduce risk of chronic diseases, such as heart disease, stress induced diabetes and cancer. This is probably due to their antioxidant properties. Many phenolic compounds have been detected in Flaxseed. Hence with the objectives to analyze the phytonutrient composition, assess the non-antioxidant enzymes vitamin A, E and C and find the antioxidant activity of processed flaxseed the study was carried out. The flaxseed was subjected to various methods of food processing like roasting, pressure cooking and soaking. The processed flaxseed was further analysed the primary and secondary metabolites and their antioxidants activity. This study does not show much variation in primary and secondary metabolites between the raw and roasted seeds. The acceptance and palatability was high in the case of roasted soybean and flaxseed because of their nutrients nutty flavour, colour and texture than the unprocessed seeds. Non- antioxidant enzymes, vitamin A, vitamin E and vitamin C content was high in both soaked and roasted flaxseed. Antioxidant activity was high in roasted and soaked flaxseed. Thus the presence of these phytonutrient and antioxidant activity of processed namely roasted and soaked flaxseeds indicates that, it has a potential of being used in formulations prepared for food consumption. Flaxseed could also be a remedy for the major killer diseases like cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.

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Flax is a nutraceutical with many nutritional benefits. Aside from the vitamins, minerals, fiber and protein it contains some primary and secondary metabolites. Flaxseed is a good source of omega-3 fatty acids. Through its high concentration of alpha-linolenic acid, flax provides more omega-3 fatty acids than any other grain. (57% of its fatty acids are omega-3s.) As the health revolution continues to evolve, look for it to be added to more and more processed foods to attain the health smart claim. Flaxseed (FS), a whole grain used as a nutritional supplement, has gained popularity because it is a rich source of natural antioxidants. Dietary intake of polyphenols has been associated to reduce risk of chronic diseases, such as heart disease, stress induced diabetes and cancer. This is probably due to their antioxidant properties. Many phenolic compounds have been detected in Flaxseed. Hence with the objectives to analyze the phytonutrient composition, assess the non-antioxidant enzymes vitamin A, E and C and find the antioxidant activity of processed flaxseed the study was carried out. The flaxseed was subjected to various methods of food processing like roasting, pressure cooking and soaking. The processed flaxseed was further analysed the primary and secondary metabolites and their antioxidants activity. This study does not show much variation in primary and secondary metabolites between the raw and roasted seeds. The acceptance and palatability was high in the case of roasted soybean and flaxseed because of their nutrients nutty flavour, colour and texture than the unprocessed seeds. Non- antioxidant enzymes, vitamin A, vitamin E and vitamin C content was high in both soaked and roasted flaxseed. Antioxidant activity was high in roasted and soaked flaxseed. Thus the presence of these phytonutrient and antioxidant activity of processed namely roasted and soaked flaxseeds indicates that, it has a potential of being used in formulations prepared for food consumption. Flaxseed could also be a remedy for the major killer diseases like cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.

HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF ANTIVIRAL DRUGS, GRAZOPREVIR AND ELBASVIR, SIMULTANEOUSLY IN BULK AND IN TABLETS

Pallapati Suman^1,2*, Tirukkovalluri Siva Rao¹, Kallam Venkata Siva Rama Krishna Reddy²
¹Department of Inorganic & Analytical Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India - 530003.
²Laurus Labs Limited, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India - 531021.

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AN IMPACT OF EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTION OF ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS REPORTING TO AMC-PvPI AMONG NURSES IN TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL

Venkata RamaRao Nallani^*1, Dr.Rama Rao Nadendla², Dr. Khemchand Gupta³, Dr. Zahedabano⁴
¹Pacific Academy of Higher Education & Research University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.
²Chalapathi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guntur.
³Associate Professor, Paher University, Udaipur.
⁴Dept of Pharmacology, Guntur Medical College, Guntur.

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CLINICAL PHARMACIST IS KEY ROLE OF THE PATIENT-CENTERED CARE IN TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITALS IN INDIAN SENERIO

Venkata Ramarao Nallani^*1, Prof.Rama Rao Nadendla², Dr. Khemchand Gupta³, Dr. Zahedabano⁴
¹Pacific Academy of Higher Education & Research University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.
²Chalapathi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guntur.
³Associate Professor, PAHER University, Udaipur.

⁴Dept of Pharmacology, Guntur Medical College, Guntur.

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Pharmacist traditionally involving compounding, production and dispensing of drugs from ancient times. As the diseases and sedentary life style leads to complications to use of more medications to manage the disease and life style problems, this is the time to identify the unsafe and irrationalize medicine medical therapy has emerged. This has also contributed to clinical pharmacists being more involved in patient-centered pharmacotherapy. A large literature documents the multiple roles clinical pharmacists can play in a variety of health care settings. The main aim of the study is role of clinical pharmacist in modifying disease outcome by patient centered care in the medical wards.Clinical pharmacist role between physician and patient to provide drug information, economic benefits, patient compliance, drug related problems (DRP), to determine the effect of patient counseling on quality of life of patient. METHODOLOGY- The prospective observational study to conducts for a period of two and half years about 30 months in patient departments in a tertiary care hospital in South India. promoting better medication use, ensuring that patients receive appropriate pharmacotherapy, thus minimizing the risk of unfavorable outcomes of pharmacotherapy adherence scale. RESULTS & DISCUSSION- A total of 1263 patients out of 6548 inpatients of general medicine department were followed out of which having one or more drug related problems. Female (56.7%) [Table-22] predominance was noted over males (43.3%). Drug related problems were more commonly seen in patients aged between 41-60 years, (47.92 %). A total of 240 drug related problems were identified. Most of the DRP observed in the study resulted from the inappropriate drug dosing problems (25.42%) followed by drug selection (24.16%)[Table-23]. Majority of the clinical pharmacist recommendations were on drug discontinuation (29.58%) and drug doses change (22.6%). CONCLUSION- The study concludes that involving clinical pharmacist services in patients care can significantly helps to identify, resolve and prevent the DRPs in the hospital thereby enhancing the patients outcomes. Furthermore, the suggestions provided by the clinical pharmacist during the intervention were well accepted by the physician thus the collaborative approach of physician and clinical pharmacist can provide better patients centre care outcomes. The study stresses the importance of clinical pharmacist in health care sector and impeccable role in patients care.

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Pharmacist traditionally involving compounding, production and dispensing of drugs from ancient times. As the diseases and sedentary life style leads to complications to use of more medications to manage the disease and life style problems, this is the time to identify the unsafe and irrationalize medicine medical therapy has emerged. This has also contributed to clinical pharmacists being more involved in patient-centered pharmacotherapy. A large literature documents the multiple roles clinical pharmacists can play in a variety of health care settings. The main aim of the study is role of clinical pharmacist in modifying disease outcome by patient centered care in the medical wards.Clinical pharmacist role between physician and patient to provide drug information, economic benefits, patient compliance, drug related problems (DRP), to determine the effect of patient counseling on quality of life of patient. METHODOLOGY- The prospective observational study to conducts for a period of two and half years about 30 months in patient departments in a tertiary care hospital in South India. promoting better medication use, ensuring that patients receive appropriate pharmacotherapy, thus minimizing the risk of unfavorable outcomes of pharmacotherapy adherence scale. RESULTS & DISCUSSION- A total of 1263 patients out of 6548 inpatients of general medicine department were followed out of which having one or more drug related problems. Female (56.7%) [Table-22] predominance was noted over males (43.3%). Drug related problems were more commonly seen in patients aged between 41-60 years, (47.92 %). A total of 240 drug related problems were identified. Most of the DRP observed in the study resulted from the inappropriate drug dosing problems (25.42%) followed by drug selection (24.16%)[Table-23]. Majority of the clinical pharmacist recommendations were on drug discontinuation (29.58%) and drug doses change (22.6%). CONCLUSION- The study concludes that involving clinical pharmacist services in patients care can significantly helps to identify, resolve and prevent the DRPs in the hospital thereby enhancing the patients outcomes. Furthermore, the suggestions provided by the clinical pharmacist during the intervention were well accepted by the physician thus the collaborative approach of physician and clinical pharmacist can provide better patients centre care outcomes. The study stresses the importance of clinical pharmacist in health care sector and impeccable role in patients care.

AABRESHAM (BOMBYX MORI): A BOON TO MEDICAL SCIENCE FOR THE PREVENTION OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS

Aliya Parveen¹, Zarnigar²

¹Rajputana Unani Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Jaipur-Rajasthan.

²National Institute of Unani Medicine, Bangalore-India.

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PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF CHLOROFORM EXTRACT OF SARGASSUM LINEARIFOLIUM (TURNER) C.AG. (BROWN SEAWEED) USING UV-VIS, FTIR AND HPLC

Amster Regin Lawrence, R., Iniya Udhaya, C., John Peter Paul, J.*

Centre for Advanced Research in Plant Sciences (CARPS), Department of Botany, St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), Palayamkottai - 627 002, Tamil Nadu, India.

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WARFARIN DOSAGE ADJUSTMENT IN PATIENTS WITH GENETIC VARIABILITY

RanakishorPelluri*, Panguluri Haripriya, Mantri Satyavathi, V. Lakshmi Prasanna, Shaik SeshmaIfthulla, P.SrinivasaBabu

Department of Pharmacy Practice, Vignan Pharmacy College, Vadlamudi, Guntur-522213, Andhra Pradesh-INDIA.

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CURRENT APPROACHES TO TREAT HUNTINGTONâS DISEASE- A REVIEW

Chincholkar Anjali Baburao*, Shende Vikas Suresh, Medhekar Sheetal Kashinath, Dr. Aloorkar Nagesh Hanmantrao, Dr. Kulkarni Ajit Shankarrao

Department of Pharmacology, Satara College of Pharmacy, Degaon, Satara (MH) India.

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Huntington’s disease (HD) is an autosomal inherited progressive neurodegenerative disease caused by a single mutation in the gene IT15 which codes for the protein huntingtin that result in an expanded polyglutamine stretch in the NH2 terminus of huntingtin protein (HTT). HD results from destruction of the GABAergic medium-sized spiny neurons (MSNs), which constitute 95% of all striatal neurons. MSNs are projection neurons that primarily innervate the substantia nigra and globus pallidus. Oxidative stress, apoptosis, mitochondrial and metabolic dysfunction, neuroinflammation, excitotoxicity, impaired ubiquitin proteosome activity, defective autophagy-lysosomal function, transcriptional dysregulation are considered to be major contributing factors in mediating pathogenesis of HD. BDNF, Glutamate and Nrf2 plays important role in Huntington’s disease. Oxidative stress can be decreased by increasing the concentration of BDNF and Nrf2. The prevalence of HD is much higher in European populations than in East Asia. HD affects approximately 5-10 individuals per 1, 00,000 individuals. There is no cure for Huntington’s disease, but various symptomatic treatments are available for it. Different drugs like SSRI, Lithium, and Memantine are available for symptomatic relief in Huntington’s disease. Terabenazine is only one FDA approved drug for Huntington’s disease. Now a day gene silencing therapies are available for Huntington’s disease. Various drugs like Autophagy enhancer, HDAC inhibitor, and Caspase inhibitor are also under the investigation which may become disease slowing treatment for Huntington’s disease. Stem cells also used in the treatment of Huntington’s disease. Various Animal models and transgenic models are available from which we can evaluate the potential of drugs used in Huntington’s disease. We summarize main papers for pathology, genetic basis for the Huntington’s disease and new approaches for the treatment of Huntington’s disease.

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Huntington’s disease (HD) is an autosomal inherited progressive neurodegenerative disease caused by a single mutation in the gene IT15 which codes for the protein huntingtin that result in an expanded polyglutamine stretch in the NH2 terminus of huntingtin protein (HTT). HD results from destruction of the GABAergic medium-sized spiny neurons (MSNs), which constitute 95% of all striatal neurons. MSNs are projection neurons that primarily innervate the substantia nigra and globus pallidus. Oxidative stress, apoptosis, mitochondrial and metabolic dysfunction, neuroinflammation, excitotoxicity, impaired ubiquitin proteosome activity, defective autophagy-lysosomal function, transcriptional dysregulation are considered to be major contributing factors in mediating pathogenesis of HD. BDNF, Glutamate and Nrf2 plays important role in Huntington’s disease. Oxidative stress can be decreased by increasing the concentration of BDNF and Nrf2. The prevalence of HD is much higher in European populations than in East Asia. HD affects approximately 5-10 individuals per 1, 00,000 individuals. There is no cure for Huntington’s disease, but various symptomatic treatments are available for it. Different drugs like SSRI, Lithium, and Memantine are available for symptomatic relief in Huntington’s disease. Terabenazine is only one FDA approved drug for Huntington’s disease. Now a day gene silencing therapies are available for Huntington’s disease. Various drugs like Autophagy enhancer, HDAC inhibitor, and Caspase inhibitor are also under the investigation which may become disease slowing treatment for Huntington’s disease. Stem cells also used in the treatment of Huntington’s disease. Various Animal models and transgenic models are available from which we can evaluate the potential of drugs used in Huntington’s disease. We summarize main papers for pathology, genetic basis for the Huntington’s disease and new approaches for the treatment of Huntington’s disease.

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF MEDICATED ANALGESIC STICKS

Nagalakshmi.R*, Surinder Kaur

Department of pharmaceutics, The Oxford College of Pharmacy, Hongasandra, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

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DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF OSMOTICALLY CONTROLLED ORAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

S.K Ghate, Dr. D.M.Sakarkar.

¹IBSS College of Pharmacy Malkapur.

²Sudhakarrao Naik Institute of Pharmacy Pusad.

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SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF AMBROXOL, CHLORPHENERAMINE MALEATE AND GUAIPHENESIN IN BULK AND LIQUID DOSAGE FORM BY CHEMOMETRIC ASSISTED SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHODS.

Bhavana. Nagireddy*, A. Elphine Prabhahar, P.V.Suresh, Rama Rao Nadendla

Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Chalapathi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lam, Guntur.

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NEWER INSIGHTS INTO THE PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF DATURA STRAMONIUM LINN.: A REVIEW

Tatini Debnath^1*, Raja Chakraverty²

¹Pharmacist under NUHM, West Bengal.

²Bengal School of Technology (A College of Pharmacy), Sugandha, Delhi Road. Hooghly- 712102. West Bengal.

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IMPACT OF PHARMACIST ASSISTED PATIENT COUNSELING FOR IMPROVING MEDICATION ADHERENCE AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS- AN EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTIONAL STUDY

Aarsha Joby¹, Allu Jaya George¹, Anjali A. Nair¹, Prannoy Shanker P.V.¹, Rajeswari Ramasamy², N.S. Mahesh³, Shashidhar G.⁴, Teena Nazeem⁵

¹Department of Pharmacy Practice, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, affiliated with Rajiv Gandhi University of Health and Sciences, Bangalore-560035, India.

²Department of Pharmacy Practice, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Bangalore- 560035, India.

³Department of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Medicine, MVJ Medical College & Research Hospital, Bangalore, India.

⁴Department of General Medicine, MVJ Medical College & Research Hospital, Bangalore, India.

⁵Department of Pharmacy Practice, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Bangalore- 560035, India.

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EFFECT OF CATALYST ON SYNTHESIS OF 1, 5- BENZODIAZEPINE DERIVATIVES AND EVALUATION OF THEIR PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY

N. Siva Subramanian*, Ch. Malathi Suvarna, Pavan Kumar. Sara, Elender. G

Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gland Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shangri La Farms, Kothapet, Medak District, Telangana State, India.

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ROSUVASTATIN INDUCED SKIN AND MUCOSAL ALLERGY (ERYTHEMATOUS PAPAULAR DERMATITIS)

Dr. Arun Pandiyan. S*, Neena Baby, Neetha Sabu, Lubna Sulthana, Navya Sunil

Clinical Pharmacist, GKNM Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu.

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PHOTO KINETIC STUDIES OF METHYLENE BLUE DYE BY USING GREEN SYNTHESISZED COPPER NANOPARTICLES FROM AREVA LANATA LEAF EXTRACT

Seeram. Hari Prasad*, G.Susheela Bai, B.Kishore Babu, M S N A Prasad

Department of Engineering Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India.

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âIMPACT OF POLYPHARMACY IN GERIATRIC PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITALâ

Abraham Mary Anju, Paul Bibin, Jose Blessy, Sravani Tummala, J.Muneerudeen*

Department of Pharmacy Practice, Bapuji Pharmacy College, Davangere, Karnataka, India.

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VOLTAMMETRIC BEHAVIOR AND DETERMINATION OF VINCAMINE IN PURE FORM, PHARMACEUTICAL FORM AND BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS

Hassan A. M. Hendawy¹, Alaa S. Amin², Mohammed A. Kassem², M. A. Mousa¹

¹National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), P.O. Box 29, Cairo, Egypt.

²Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt.

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METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF PERINDOPRIL AND INDAPAMIDE IN TABLET BY RP-HPLC METHOD

S. Soujanya^*

Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Quality Assurance, Unity College of Pharmacy, Raigir (V), Bhongir (M), Yadadri Bhongir (Dist), Telangana State, India.

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JUGLANS REGIA: A REVIEW OF ITS TRADITIONAL USES PHYTOCHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOLOGY

Bhagat Singh Jaiswal*, Mukul Tailang

SOS in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, India.

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PREVALENCE OF CO-MEDICATION AND POTENTIAL DRUG-DRUG INTERACTIONS IN HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTED PATIENTS ON HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTI-RETROVIRAL THERAPY

Behailu Terefe Tesfaye*, Teshale Ayele Mega, Tsegaye Melaku Kebede

Institute of Health Science, School of Pharmacy, Clinical Pharmacy Unit, Jimma University, Ethiopia.

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Background:-Drug interaction is an important therapeutic challenge among Human Immunodeficiency Virus infected patients. They are often observed in these patients because they frequently receive multiple medications. Though this may have clinical and economic impact, its prevalence is unknown in Ethiopia. So this study was aimed at addressing this issue by determining the prevalence of Co-medication and potential drug-drug interaction (PDDIs) in HIV infected patients. Method:- initially, checklist containing the relevant variables for the study was developed; ethical approval for patient medical history card (PMHC) access was requested and obtained from the hospital. Then, before the actual data collection process takes place, pre-test was done on 18 PMHCs. After assessing the check list, data of 350 HIV infected patients was reviewed retrospectively and recorded from cards using simple random sampling method. Subsequently, PDDI was assessed using Meds cape online drug interaction checker database and Drug.com (as supportive DDI checker). Then, the data was checked for completeness, entered and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20 and Microsoft excel and presented using tables and figures. Result:-out of 350 HIV infected patients on HAART; only 53(15.1%) patients were not co-medicated along with Anti-Retroviral drugs. Then, a total of 2431 PDDIs were identified, and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions were found to occur almost in comparable frequency and almost all of the interactions were found to be moderate or minor in their severity. Conclusion:-in this study more than half of the HIV infected patients were found co-medicated and high numbers of PDDIs were identified. Accordingly, the authors of this study concluded that co-medication and PDDIs are common and, though unavoidable, since almost all of the identified PDDIs were moderate or minor in their severity, the authors’ recommend close monitoring of patients for therapeutic or toxic response.

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Abstract

Background:-Drug interaction is an important therapeutic challenge among Human Immunodeficiency Virus infected patients. They are often observed in these patients because they frequently receive multiple medications. Though this may have clinical and economic impact, its prevalence is unknown in Ethiopia. So this study was aimed at addressing this issue by determining the prevalence of Co-medication and potential drug-drug interaction (PDDIs) in HIV infected patients. Method:- initially, checklist containing the relevant variables for the study was developed; ethical approval for patient medical history card (PMHC) access was requested and obtained from the hospital. Then, before the actual data collection process takes place, pre-test was done on 18 PMHCs. After assessing the check list, data of 350 HIV infected patients was reviewed retrospectively and recorded from cards using simple random sampling method. Subsequently, PDDI was assessed using Meds cape online drug interaction checker database and Drug.com (as supportive DDI checker). Then, the data was checked for completeness, entered and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20 and Microsoft excel and presented using tables and figures. Result:-out of 350 HIV infected patients on HAART; only 53(15.1%) patients were not co-medicated along with Anti-Retroviral drugs. Then, a total of 2431 PDDIs were identified, and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions were found to occur almost in comparable frequency and almost all of the interactions were found to be moderate or minor in their severity. Conclusion:-in this study more than half of the HIV infected patients were found co-medicated and high numbers of PDDIs were identified. Accordingly, the authors of this study concluded that co-medication and PDDIs are common and, though unavoidable, since almost all of the identified PDDIs were moderate or minor in their severity, the authors’ recommend close monitoring of patients for therapeutic or toxic response.

ZnO NANOPARTICLES: ROLE IN ENHANCING ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF VARIOUS ANTIBIOTICS AGAINST ESCHERICHIA COLI

Manyasree D., Kiranmayi P.*

Department of Biochemistry, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjuna Nagar – 522510, India.

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VALIDATION OF RP-HPLC ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR ESTIMATION OF CARMUSTINE IN BULK AND LYOPHILIZED VIALS

Yaswanth Allamneni^*1, T.E.G.K Murthy², Mandava Venkata Basaveswara Rao³, Y Udaya Bhaskara Rao⁴, M Sivanath⁵

¹Research Scholar, Department of Pharmacy, Krishna University, Machilipatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

²Principal, Bapatla College of Pharmacy, Bapatla, Andhra Pradesh, India.

³Dean, Department of Chemistry, Krishna University, Andhra Pradesh, India.

⁴Director, SP Accure Labs Private Limited, Thurakapally, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

⁵Head of the Department, Department of Chemistry, ANR College, Andhra Pradesh, India.

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EVALUATION OF PSYCHIATRIC COMORBIDITIES IN CARDIOVASULAR DISEASE PATIENTS AND ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PSYCHIATRIC INTERVENTION AMONG THEM

Dr. R. Venkataramudu¹, C. V. Jagadishwar^*2, G. Ramyasree², G. Tejaswini², G. Mahesh², E. Sam Jeeva Kumar³

¹Department of Psychiatry, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Kadapa.

²P.Rami Reddy Memorial College of Pharmacy, Kadapa.

³Department of Pharmacy Practice, P. Ramireddy Memorial College of Pharmacy, Kadapa.

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FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF MICROSPHERES OF GLIBENCLAMIDE BY IONOTROPIC GELATION METHOD

Priya P.Mane Deshmukh*, Archana.N.Barhate

Department of Pharmaceutics, Shivnagar Vidya Prasarak Mandal’s College of Pharmacy, Malegaon (Bk), Baramati, Dist. Pune Maharashtra, India 413115.

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MANAGEMENT OF STRESS: A REVIEW

Mukkera Naga Malleswari*, Dinnupathi Haritha Goud, N.V. Kishore Raju

S.V.U College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sri Venkateswara, University, Tirupathi, A.P, India.

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SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF INTRACAMERAL INFUSION OF ADRENALINE DURING PHACOEMULSIFICATION

B. Arul¹, B. Jayaprakash², R. Kothai¹, Hanna V Morley¹, Jeena Elsa John¹, Jilu P Jeenu¹

¹Vinayaka Mission’s College of Pharmacy, Yercaud Main Road, Kondappanaickenpatty, Salem, Tamilnadu, India.

²Vinayaka Mission’s Kripananda Variyar Medical College & Hospitals, Salem.

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