Welcome to Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

NOVEMBER 2017

SIMULTANEOUS SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC ESTIMATION OF ISONIAZID AND PYRIDOXINE

Anitha K*1, T. M. Kalyankar2, U. A. Khedkar2, R. B. Gholve2
1Department of Chemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Ananthapuram - 515003, Andhra Pradesh, India.

2School of Pharmacy, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded - 431606, Maharashtra, India.

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A STUDY OF PATTERN OF REFERRALS IN LIAISON PSYCHIATRY

Dr Sally John^1*,Dr.Amrita Singam², Dr Sonia Mary Thomas³
¹Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Sawangi ,Wardha, Maharashtra Pin 442 001.
²Indira Gandhi Govt. Medical College, Department.of Pharmacology, Nagpur.
³Santhula Trust Hospital, Vadakkara, Oliyapuram P.O Kuthattukulam, Ernakulam Dt, Kerala.

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Liaison psychiatry specializes in bridging psychiatric services to other specialities. It has been actively intervening in the reduction of the communication gap between the various specialities in many health care setups. Thereby it provides them the ability to acquire adequate understanding about the intricacies involved in treating patients with physical and psychiatric co-morbidities. Efficient communication between different levels of care has a great impact on quality of health care. Objectives: To assess the source of referral, reason for referral, the psychiatric diagnosis of the patients referred and the Psychiatric treatment initiated by the referring team and the knowledge of the illness. Materials and method: The study was a cross sectional study conducted on the out patients and inpatients referred to the psychiatric department in a tertiary care hospital in central India. It was completed in the time period of 3 months from June 1st 2014 to August 15th 2014 with a sample size of 150 patients. All the referred patients were evaluated by a consultant psychiatrist and diagnosis was made according to the diagnostic guidelines of ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases -10th Edition). Results: Out of the total number of patients who were referred 79(52.6%) patients were males and 71(47.3%) were females. The mean age of the study population was 36.01 years. A majority of the patients belonged to the age group of 21-30 years. A majority of the referrals were made from the department of medicine (n=76, 50.6%).The various reasons for psychiatric referral were analyzed and it was found that the most common reason was the presence abnormal behaviour (n=37, 24.6%). The most common psychiatric diagnosis made was substance use disorders (n=51, 34%) Conclusion: The observations of our study clearly show that there is significant gap existing in consultation liaison psychiatry as reflected in the profile and patterns referrals assessed. Early diagnosis and management of psychiatric disorders in patients presenting to the other departments with various physical illnesses definitely hasten recovery, reduce morbidity and improve quality of life. The way ahead is too long in this field and the need for improving the liaison is crucial in reducing the burden of morbidity and improving the quality of life of the patient and their carers.

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Liaison psychiatry specializes in bridging psychiatric services to other specialities. It has been actively intervening in the reduction of the communication gap between the various specialities in many health care setups. Thereby it provides them the ability to acquire adequate understanding about the intricacies involved in treating patients with physical and psychiatric co-morbidities. Efficient communication between different levels of care has a great impact on quality of health care. Objectives: To assess the source of referral, reason for referral, the psychiatric diagnosis of the patients referred and the Psychiatric treatment initiated by the referring team and the knowledge of the illness. Materials and method: The study was a cross sectional study conducted on the out patients and inpatients referred to the psychiatric department in a tertiary care hospital in central India. It was completed in the time period of 3 months from June 1st 2014 to August 15th 2014 with a sample size of 150 patients. All the referred patients were evaluated by a consultant psychiatrist and diagnosis was made according to the diagnostic guidelines of ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases -10th Edition). Results: Out of the total number of patients who were referred 79(52.6%) patients were males and 71(47.3%) were females. The mean age of the study population was 36.01 years. A majority of the patients belonged to the age group of 21-30 years. A majority of the referrals were made from the department of medicine (n=76, 50.6%).The various reasons for psychiatric referral were analyzed and it was found that the most common reason was the presence abnormal behaviour (n=37, 24.6%). The most common psychiatric diagnosis made was substance use disorders (n=51, 34%) Conclusion: The observations of our study clearly show that there is significant gap existing in consultation liaison psychiatry as reflected in the profile and patterns referrals assessed. Early diagnosis and management of psychiatric disorders in patients presenting to the other departments with various physical illnesses definitely hasten recovery, reduce morbidity and improve quality of life. The way ahead is too long in this field and the need for improving the liaison is crucial in reducing the burden of morbidity and improving the quality of life of the patient and their carers.

ONE POT SYNTHESIS OF 1, 8- DIOXO -OCTAHYDROXANTHENES IN AQUASE PHASE USING ? - CYCLODEXTRIN AS AN EFFICIENT AND GREEN CATALYST

Shankar P Hangirgekar*, Vijay V Kumbhar,Navanand B Wadwale
School of Chemical Sciences, S.R.T.M.University, Nanded-431606, Maharashtra India.

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PHYTONUTRIENT COMPOSITION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF PROCESSED FLAXSEED

Dharshini¹, Dr.S.Sumayaa², Dr.T.Thirunalasundari ³

¹Research Scholar, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Thassim Beevi Abdul Kader College for Women, Kilakarai, Tamil Nadu, India.

²Head of the Department, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappali, Tamil Nadu, India.

³Principal, Thassim Beevi Abdul Kader College for Women, Kilakarai, Tamil Nadu, India.

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Flax is a nutraceutical with many nutritional benefits. Aside from the vitamins, minerals, fiber and protein it contains some primary and secondary metabolites. Flaxseed is a good source of omega-3 fatty acids. Through its high concentration of alpha-linolenic acid, flax provides more omega-3 fatty acids than any other grain. (57% of its fatty acids are omega-3s.) As the health revolution continues to evolve, look for it to be added to more and more processed foods to attain the health smart claim. Flaxseed (FS), a whole grain used as a nutritional supplement, has gained popularity because it is a rich source of natural antioxidants. Dietary intake of polyphenols has been associated to reduce risk of chronic diseases, such as heart disease, stress induced diabetes and cancer. This is probably due to their antioxidant properties. Many phenolic compounds have been detected in Flaxseed. Hence with the objectives to analyze the phytonutrient composition, assess the non-antioxidant enzymes vitamin A, E and C and find the antioxidant activity of processed flaxseed the study was carried out. The flaxseed was subjected to various methods of food processing like roasting, pressure cooking and soaking. The processed flaxseed was further analysed the primary and secondary metabolites and their antioxidants activity. This study does not show much variation in primary and secondary metabolites between the raw and roasted seeds. The acceptance and palatability was high in the case of roasted soybean and flaxseed because of their nutrients nutty flavour, colour and texture than the unprocessed seeds. Non- antioxidant enzymes, vitamin A, vitamin E and vitamin C content was high in both soaked and roasted flaxseed. Antioxidant activity was high in roasted and soaked flaxseed. Thus the presence of these phytonutrient and antioxidant activity of processed namely roasted and soaked flaxseeds indicates that, it has a potential of being used in formulations prepared for food consumption. Flaxseed could also be a remedy for the major killer diseases like cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.

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Flax is a nutraceutical with many nutritional benefits. Aside from the vitamins, minerals, fiber and protein it contains some primary and secondary metabolites. Flaxseed is a good source of omega-3 fatty acids. Through its high concentration of alpha-linolenic acid, flax provides more omega-3 fatty acids than any other grain. (57% of its fatty acids are omega-3s.) As the health revolution continues to evolve, look for it to be added to more and more processed foods to attain the health smart claim. Flaxseed (FS), a whole grain used as a nutritional supplement, has gained popularity because it is a rich source of natural antioxidants. Dietary intake of polyphenols has been associated to reduce risk of chronic diseases, such as heart disease, stress induced diabetes and cancer. This is probably due to their antioxidant properties. Many phenolic compounds have been detected in Flaxseed. Hence with the objectives to analyze the phytonutrient composition, assess the non-antioxidant enzymes vitamin A, E and C and find the antioxidant activity of processed flaxseed the study was carried out. The flaxseed was subjected to various methods of food processing like roasting, pressure cooking and soaking. The processed flaxseed was further analysed the primary and secondary metabolites and their antioxidants activity. This study does not show much variation in primary and secondary metabolites between the raw and roasted seeds. The acceptance and palatability was high in the case of roasted soybean and flaxseed because of their nutrients nutty flavour, colour and texture than the unprocessed seeds. Non- antioxidant enzymes, vitamin A, vitamin E and vitamin C content was high in both soaked and roasted flaxseed. Antioxidant activity was high in roasted and soaked flaxseed. Thus the presence of these phytonutrient and antioxidant activity of processed namely roasted and soaked flaxseeds indicates that, it has a potential of being used in formulations prepared for food consumption. Flaxseed could also be a remedy for the major killer diseases like cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.

HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF ANTIVIRAL DRUGS, GRAZOPREVIR AND ELBASVIR, SIMULTANEOUSLY IN BULK AND IN TABLETS

Pallapati Suman^1,2*, Tirukkovalluri Siva Rao¹, Kallam Venkata Siva Rama Krishna Reddy²
¹Department of Inorganic & Analytical Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India - 530003.
²Laurus Labs Limited, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India - 531021.

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AN IMPACT OF EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTION OF ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS REPORTING TO AMC-PvPI AMONG NURSES IN TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL

Venkata RamaRao Nallani^*1, Dr.Rama Rao Nadendla², Dr. Khemchand Gupta³, Dr. Zahedabano⁴
¹Pacific Academy of Higher Education & Research University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.
²Chalapathi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guntur.
³Associate Professor, Paher University, Udaipur.
⁴Dept of Pharmacology, Guntur Medical College, Guntur.

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CLINICAL PHARMACIST IS KEY ROLE OF THE PATIENT-CENTERED CARE IN TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITALS IN INDIAN SENERIO

Venkata Ramarao Nallani^*1, Prof.Rama Rao Nadendla², Dr. Khemchand Gupta³, Dr. Zahedabano⁴
¹Pacific Academy of Higher Education & Research University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.
²Chalapathi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guntur.
³Associate Professor, PAHER University, Udaipur.

⁴Dept of Pharmacology, Guntur Medical College, Guntur.

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Pharmacist traditionally involving compounding, production and dispensing of drugs from ancient times. As the diseases and sedentary life style leads to complications to use of more medications to manage the disease and life style problems, this is the time to identify the unsafe and irrationalize medicine medical therapy has emerged. This has also contributed to clinical pharmacists being more involved in patient-centered pharmacotherapy. A large literature documents the multiple roles clinical pharmacists can play in a variety of health care settings. The main aim of the study is role of clinical pharmacist in modifying disease outcome by patient centered care in the medical wards.Clinical pharmacist role between physician and patient to provide drug information, economic benefits, patient compliance, drug related problems (DRP), to determine the effect of patient counseling on quality of life of patient. METHODOLOGY- The prospective observational study to conducts for a period of two and half years about 30 months in patient departments in a tertiary care hospital in South India. promoting better medication use, ensuring that patients receive appropriate pharmacotherapy, thus minimizing the risk of unfavorable outcomes of pharmacotherapy adherence scale. RESULTS & DISCUSSION- A total of 1263 patients out of 6548 inpatients of general medicine department were followed out of which having one or more drug related problems. Female (56.7%) [Table-22] predominance was noted over males (43.3%). Drug related problems were more commonly seen in patients aged between 41-60 years, (47.92 %). A total of 240 drug related problems were identified. Most of the DRP observed in the study resulted from the inappropriate drug dosing problems (25.42%) followed by drug selection (24.16%)[Table-23]. Majority of the clinical pharmacist recommendations were on drug discontinuation (29.58%) and drug doses change (22.6%). CONCLUSION- The study concludes that involving clinical pharmacist services in patients care can significantly helps to identify, resolve and prevent the DRPs in the hospital thereby enhancing the patients outcomes. Furthermore, the suggestions provided by the clinical pharmacist during the intervention were well accepted by the physician thus the collaborative approach of physician and clinical pharmacist can provide better patients centre care outcomes. The study stresses the importance of clinical pharmacist in health care sector and impeccable role in patients care.

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Pharmacist traditionally involving compounding, production and dispensing of drugs from ancient times. As the diseases and sedentary life style leads to complications to use of more medications to manage the disease and life style problems, this is the time to identify the unsafe and irrationalize medicine medical therapy has emerged. This has also contributed to clinical pharmacists being more involved in patient-centered pharmacotherapy. A large literature documents the multiple roles clinical pharmacists can play in a variety of health care settings. The main aim of the study is role of clinical pharmacist in modifying disease outcome by patient centered care in the medical wards.Clinical pharmacist role between physician and patient to provide drug information, economic benefits, patient compliance, drug related problems (DRP), to determine the effect of patient counseling on quality of life of patient. METHODOLOGY- The prospective observational study to conducts for a period of two and half years about 30 months in patient departments in a tertiary care hospital in South India. promoting better medication use, ensuring that patients receive appropriate pharmacotherapy, thus minimizing the risk of unfavorable outcomes of pharmacotherapy adherence scale. RESULTS & DISCUSSION- A total of 1263 patients out of 6548 inpatients of general medicine department were followed out of which having one or more drug related problems. Female (56.7%) [Table-22] predominance was noted over males (43.3%). Drug related problems were more commonly seen in patients aged between 41-60 years, (47.92 %). A total of 240 drug related problems were identified. Most of the DRP observed in the study resulted from the inappropriate drug dosing problems (25.42%) followed by drug selection (24.16%)[Table-23]. Majority of the clinical pharmacist recommendations were on drug discontinuation (29.58%) and drug doses change (22.6%). CONCLUSION- The study concludes that involving clinical pharmacist services in patients care can significantly helps to identify, resolve and prevent the DRPs in the hospital thereby enhancing the patients outcomes. Furthermore, the suggestions provided by the clinical pharmacist during the intervention were well accepted by the physician thus the collaborative approach of physician and clinical pharmacist can provide better patients centre care outcomes. The study stresses the importance of clinical pharmacist in health care sector and impeccable role in patients care.

EVALUATION OF ANTHELMINTIC ACTION OF EMBLICA OFFICINALIS LEAVES EXTRACT ON INDIAN EARTH WORM

Tanvi T. Sambre *1, Tushar K. Sambre 1, Shivprasad H. Majumdar 2

1Priyadarshani Yashodhara College of Pharmacy Chandrapur, Bangali Camp Mul Road Chandrapur.

2Satara College of Pharmacy, Satara.

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SYNTHESIS AND ANTI-BACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF SOME NOVEL PYRAZOLIDINEDIONE SUBSTITUTED DERIVATIVES OF 2-QUINOLONES

Syed Hafeez Ahmed1, Haney Ahmed2, Syed Habeeb Ali2, Sabiha Fatima2, Shafia Hyder2, Amjad Pasha2

1Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Quality Assurance, Shadan College of Pharmacy, Peeran Cheru, Hyderabad.

2Department of Chemistry, Shadan College of Pharmacy, Peeran Cheru, Hyderabad.

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TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENTS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF METHANOL EXTRACT FROM LEAVES, FLOWERS AND STEMS OF WARIONIASAHARAEL. FROM MORROCCO

Said Khoudali*, Abdelhak Essaqui, Abdemjid Dari & Said Es-seddiki

Laboratoire de Synth�se Organique, Extraction et Valorisation, Facult� des Sciences Ain Chock, Universit� Hassan II de Casablanca Rue Tarik Bnou Ziad, Mers Sultan BP: 9167, Maroc.

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FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF HERBAL LIPSTICK CONTAINING ANTIFUNGAL AGENT

Tejashri A. Gore*, Priya Rodge

Rajarshi Shahu College of Pharmacy & Research, Pune � Mumbai Highway, Tathawade, Pune-411033, Maharashtra, India.

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PHENYTOIN INDUCED TOXIC EPIDERMAL NECROLYSIS; A CASE REPORT

Merphin Philip Thomas*1, Miriam Lalmuanpuii Hnamte1, Sina Zare1, Teena Nazeem2

1Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Chikka Bellandur, Carmellaram Post, Varthur Hobli, Bangalore-35.

2Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560035.

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COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF DEXMEDETOMIDINE, FENTANYL, MAGNESIUM SULPHATE AND CONTROL GROUP TO ATTENUATE PRESSOR RESPONSES AND AIRWAY REFLEXES TO INTUBATION DURING GENERAL ANESTHESIA

Dr. Madhvi Gupta, Dr. Mukta Jitendra

Department of Anaesthesia, Govt Medical College, Jammu.

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Endotracheal intubation is marked by sympathetic stimulation and increase in catecholamine concentration in susceptible individuals. Tracheal extubation can also be associated with detrimental airway and hemodynamic responses. Many drugs are used to attenuate the intubation response. Dexmedetomidine has been shown to be effective in maintaining hemodynamic stability during intubation and extubation without prolonging recovery. Fentanyl has been reported to reduce the prevalence of coughing during and after extubation. Magnesium sulphate decreases the hemodynamic response to airway management, with proven effectiveness. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine, fentanyl and magnesium sulphate to find out safe anaesthetic technique so that pressor response changes and airway reflexes at the time of extubation are not harmful to the patient. Materials and Methods: This prospective, randomized study was conducted on 100 patients in the Government Medical College and Associated Hospitals, Jammu. The patients enrolled were those undergoing elective surgical procedures under endotracheal anaesthesia, of ASA Grade-I, within the age group of l8-65 years, of either sex. Pulse rate, blood pressure, electrocardiogram and oxygen saturation were recorded during preinduction, just before extubation, and l, 2, 3, 5 and 10 minutes after extubation. Mean arterial pressure at those intervals was calculated. Any laryngospasm, tracheal collapse, laryngeal edema, vocal cord paralysis, pulmonary edema and laryngeal incompetence bronchospasm, or desaturation was recorded. The time for requirement of first analgesic dose post-operatively was noted.The data so collected was analyzed, compared and subjected to statistical analysis. Results: There was statistically significant rise in mean heart-rate 1 and 2 minutes after extubation in all the groups (p<0.05) except in dexmedetomidine group. Mean heart rate decreased to non-significant levels in magnesium sulphate and fentanyl groups at 3 minutes, whereas it remained significant in the control group upto 5 minutes. Before extubation and after extubation, mean SBP, mean DBP and mean ABP shot up significantly in the control group. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine is more effective as compared to magnesium sulphate and fentanyl in attenuating the rise in heart rate and blood pressure after extubation. There are no adverse effects seen in patients treated with dexmedetomidine.

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Endotracheal intubation is marked by sympathetic stimulation and increase in catecholamine concentration in susceptible individuals. Tracheal extubation can also be associated with detrimental airway and hemodynamic responses. Many drugs are used to attenuate the intubation response. Dexmedetomidine has been shown to be effective in maintaining hemodynamic stability during intubation and extubation without prolonging recovery. Fentanyl has been reported to reduce the prevalence of coughing during and after extubation. Magnesium sulphate decreases the hemodynamic response to airway management, with proven effectiveness. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine, fentanyl and magnesium sulphate to find out safe anaesthetic technique so that pressor response changes and airway reflexes at the time of extubation are not harmful to the patient. Materials and Methods: This prospective, randomized study was conducted on 100 patients in the Government Medical College and Associated Hospitals, Jammu. The patients enrolled were those undergoing elective surgical procedures under endotracheal anaesthesia, of ASA Grade-I, within the age group of l8-65 years, of either sex. Pulse rate, blood pressure, electrocardiogram and oxygen saturation were recorded during preinduction, just before extubation, and l, 2, 3, 5 and 10 minutes after extubation. Mean arterial pressure at those intervals was calculated. Any laryngospasm, tracheal collapse, laryngeal edema, vocal cord paralysis, pulmonary edema and laryngeal incompetence bronchospasm, or desaturation was recorded. The time for requirement of first analgesic dose post-operatively was noted.The data so collected was analyzed, compared and subjected to statistical analysis. Results: There was statistically significant rise in mean heart-rate 1 and 2 minutes after extubation in all the groups (p<0.05) except in dexmedetomidine group. Mean heart rate decreased to non-significant levels in magnesium sulphate and fentanyl groups at 3 minutes, whereas it remained significant in the control group upto 5 minutes. Before extubation and after extubation, mean SBP, mean DBP and mean ABP shot up significantly in the control group. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine is more effective as compared to magnesium sulphate and fentanyl in attenuating the rise in heart rate and blood pressure after extubation. There are no adverse effects seen in patients treated with dexmedetomidine.

CHEWABLE TABLETS: NO WATER ORAL ADMINISTRATION

R. Santosh Kumar and G.Dani Susmitha

GITAM Institute of Pharmacy, GITAM University, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam-45.

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DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF RP-HPLC METHOD FOR AMLODIPINE, CHLORTHALIDONE AND OLMESARTAN IN SOLID DOSAGE FORM

Hinal B. Patel*, D.P. Damahe, S.B. Narkhede

Smt. B.N.B Swaminarayan Pharmacy College, Salvav, Vapi � 396191, Gujarat, India.

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IDENTIFICATION AND MANAGEMENT OF POSTRPARTUM WOMEN ASSOCIATED WITH PSYCHIATRIC COOMORBIDITY AND ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MANAGEMENT

Dr. P. Lakshmi Prasuna1, Dr.R.Venkataramudu2, G.Ramyasree3, C.V.Jagadishwar3, G.Tejaswini3, G. Mahesh3, E. Sam Jeeva kumar4

1ACSR GMC, Nellore.

2Department of Psychiatry, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Kadapa.

3P.Rami reddy Memorial College of Pharmacy, Kadapa.

4Department of pharmacy practice, P. Ramireddy Memorial College of Pharmacy, Kadapa.

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IN-PROCESS QUALITY CONTROL (IPQC): A REVIEW

Rajpurohit Sanjay*, Suthar Narayan, Choudhary ManuPriya

Pacific College of Pharmacy, PAHER University, Udaipur, Rajasthan.

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KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF ANGANWADI WORKERS ON HOMOEOPATHIC FORMULATIONS

Amulya Ratna Sahoo1, Biswaranjan Paital2*, Divya Taneja3, A.K. Hati5

1S-2, Drug Proving Unit, Bhubaneswar.

2Department of Zoology, College of Basic Science and Humanities, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, India.

3S-1, CCRH headquarters, New Delhi.

4Dynamic Homeopathic Centre, Industrial Colony, Kharvel Nagar, Unit-III, Bhubaneswar.

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Homeopathic drugs are the most side effect less drugs and many homeopathic practitioners claim about better curing effect of such drugs in children and mothers. Anganwadi workers (AWW) are community based workers, and work as one of the crucial media for the delivery of ICDS services to children and mothers. There is no scientific data available for identifying their knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of homeopathic drugs. Therefore, an instrument has been designed and tested to identify KAP of AWW on homoeopathic drugs. This can be used for motivating AWW to participate in homeopathic drug delivery programs. It would result in sensitizing AWW on usefulness of homeopathy, especially in children. All the AWW from the two specific areas, namely Niali and Kantapada of Cuttack district of Odisha were included in this study. The study was undertaken by a survey that was carried out on a sample of 339 AWW in Cuttack district of Odisha to identify their KAP towards homoeopathy drugs. A bilingual questionnaire was prepared and tested on the AWW subjects. In some instances, the questionnaire items were identified via telephonic interview with the subjects. The questionnaire was tested in terms of its internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and face and construct validity. Their KAP was recorded and analyzed. For the study, it was observed that most of the AWW were young graduates with sound background knowledge on homeopathic medicines. They opine that since these medicines are cheap, there should not be any apprehension for treatment of diseases with such remedies especially in children. Albeit, they lack with a complete idea about the usage of the homeopathic medicines especially about their administration. Since AWW act as the bridge between community and health services, government should emphasize to train all AWW of all the poor states such as Odisha about homeopathic remedies especially their administration. A special drive may be initiated by the government on availability of homeopathic remedies with less or no cost at all health centers for their effective distribution through AWW.

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Homeopathic drugs are the most side effect less drugs and many homeopathic practitioners claim about better curing effect of such drugs in children and mothers. Anganwadi workers (AWW) are community based workers, and work as one of the crucial media for the delivery of ICDS services to children and mothers. There is no scientific data available for identifying their knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of homeopathic drugs. Therefore, an instrument has been designed and tested to identify KAP of AWW on homoeopathic drugs. This can be used for motivating AWW to participate in homeopathic drug delivery programs. It would result in sensitizing AWW on usefulness of homeopathy, especially in children. All the AWW from the two specific areas, namely Niali and Kantapada of Cuttack district of Odisha were included in this study. The study was undertaken by a survey that was carried out on a sample of 339 AWW in Cuttack district of Odisha to identify their KAP towards homoeopathy drugs. A bilingual questionnaire was prepared and tested on the AWW subjects. In some instances, the questionnaire items were identified via telephonic interview with the subjects. The questionnaire was tested in terms of its internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and face and construct validity. Their KAP was recorded and analyzed. For the study, it was observed that most of the AWW were young graduates with sound background knowledge on homeopathic medicines. They opine that since these medicines are cheap, there should not be any apprehension for treatment of diseases with such remedies especially in children. Albeit, they lack with a complete idea about the usage of the homeopathic medicines especially about their administration. Since AWW act as the bridge between community and health services, government should emphasize to train all AWW of all the poor states such as Odisha about homeopathic remedies especially their administration. A special drive may be initiated by the government on availability of homeopathic remedies with less or no cost at all health centers for their effective distribution through AWW.

PHYTOCHEMICAL EVALUATION AND HPTLC FINGERPRINTING PROFILE OF MELIA AZEDARACH LIN AND PIPER LONGUM

Vedha Pal Jeyamani.S1*, Senthilnathan.B1, Balaji.P1, Masilamani.K1, Murugan.M2

1Jaya College of Paramedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.

2EGS Pillay College of Pharmacy, Nagapattinam, India.

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AN OVERVIEW OF URICOSURIC DRUGS AND THEIR SCREENING METHODS

Veeram Anjali*, G. Sindhu, C.Girish

S.V.U. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, S.V. University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.

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ANTIOXIDANT, ANTI-INFLAMMATORY PROPERTIES AND OX-LDL UPTAKE PREVENTION POTENTIAL OF PHYSALIS MINIMA AT TWO STAGES OF MATURITY

Sinjitha S. Nambiar, Maria Sheeba Nazareth, Nandini Prasad Shetty*

Plant Cell Biotechnology Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore-570 20, India.

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ASSESSMENT OF MEDICATION KNOWLEDGE, ADHERENCE AND HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE INDICES AMONG HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS IN URBAN BENGALURU

Arathy Thomas¹, B.V. Sindhuja¹, Sujan K.C.¹, Dr.Mahesh N.M², Dr.Amrita N. Shamanewadi³, Dr.Murali Mohan⁴, Chandramouli R.⁵

¹Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, affiliated with Rajiv Gandhi University of Health and Sciences, Bangalore-560035, India.

²Department of Pharmacy Practice, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Bangalore- 560035, India.

³Department of Community Medicine, MVJ Medical College & Research Hospital, Bangalore, India.

⁴Department of General Medicine, MVJ Medical College & Research Hospital, Bangalore, India.

⁵Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Bangalore- 560035, India.

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COMPARATIVE IN VITRO EQUIVALENCE EVALUATION OF SOME SPIRONOLACTONE GENERIC TABLETS, COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE IN BANGLADESH DRUG MARKET

Promit Das¹, Sajan Das¹, Rumana Akhter¹, Sumaiya Huque¹, Raushanara Akter² Mohammad Shahriar^1*

¹Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

²Department of Pharmacy, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

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ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PHYTOCONSTITUENTS FROM PLANT MERREMIA EMARGINATA (BURM.F) HALLIER F.

Hardik R. Shah*,Vikas V. Vaidya

Department of Chemistry, RamnarainRuia College, Matunga, Mumbai, India.

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STUDY ON USE OF ANTIBIOTICS IN SURGICAL SITE INFECTIONS

Ravi Kumar Banothu, Sadhu Vinitha, P. Monica Supriya

Tirumalayapalem, Khammam-507163.

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DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF NOVEL HYDROTROPIC SOLUBILIZATION METHOD FOR SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF MYCOPHENOLATE MOFETIL

Venkateswara Rao. S*, Rodhay. G, Padmalatha. K

Vijaya Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences for Women, Enikepadu, Vijayawada, India.

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AABRESHAM (BOMBYX MORI): A BOON TO MEDICAL SCIENCE FOR THE PREVENTION OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS

Aliya Parveen¹, Zarnigar²

¹Rajputana Unani Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Jaipur-Rajasthan.

²National Institute of Unani Medicine, Bangalore-India.

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PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF CHLOROFORM EXTRACT OF SARGASSUM LINEARIFOLIUM (TURNER) C.AG. (BROWN SEAWEED) USING UV-VIS, FTIR AND HPLC

Amster Regin Lawrence, R., Iniya Udhaya, C., John Peter Paul, J.*

Centre for Advanced Research in Plant Sciences (CARPS), Department of Botany, St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), Palayamkottai - 627 002, Tamil Nadu, India.

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WARFARIN DOSAGE ADJUSTMENT IN PATIENTS WITH GENETIC VARIABILITY

RanakishorPelluri*, Panguluri Haripriya, Mantri Satyavathi, V. Lakshmi Prasanna, Shaik SeshmaIfthulla, P.SrinivasaBabu

Department of Pharmacy Practice, Vignan Pharmacy College, Vadlamudi, Guntur-522213, Andhra Pradesh-INDIA.

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CURRENT APPROACHES TO TREAT HUNTINGTONâS DISEASE- A REVIEW

Chincholkar Anjali Baburao*, Shende Vikas Suresh, Medhekar Sheetal Kashinath, Dr. Aloorkar Nagesh Hanmantrao, Dr. Kulkarni Ajit Shankarrao

Department of Pharmacology, Satara College of Pharmacy, Degaon, Satara (MH) India.

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Huntington’s disease (HD) is an autosomal inherited progressive neurodegenerative disease caused by a single mutation in the gene IT15 which codes for the protein huntingtin that result in an expanded polyglutamine stretch in the NH2 terminus of huntingtin protein (HTT). HD results from destruction of the GABAergic medium-sized spiny neurons (MSNs), which constitute 95% of all striatal neurons. MSNs are projection neurons that primarily innervate the substantia nigra and globus pallidus. Oxidative stress, apoptosis, mitochondrial and metabolic dysfunction, neuroinflammation, excitotoxicity, impaired ubiquitin proteosome activity, defective autophagy-lysosomal function, transcriptional dysregulation are considered to be major contributing factors in mediating pathogenesis of HD. BDNF, Glutamate and Nrf2 plays important role in Huntington’s disease. Oxidative stress can be decreased by increasing the concentration of BDNF and Nrf2. The prevalence of HD is much higher in European populations than in East Asia. HD affects approximately 5-10 individuals per 1, 00,000 individuals. There is no cure for Huntington’s disease, but various symptomatic treatments are available for it. Different drugs like SSRI, Lithium, and Memantine are available for symptomatic relief in Huntington’s disease. Terabenazine is only one FDA approved drug for Huntington’s disease. Now a day gene silencing therapies are available for Huntington’s disease. Various drugs like Autophagy enhancer, HDAC inhibitor, and Caspase inhibitor are also under the investigation which may become disease slowing treatment for Huntington’s disease. Stem cells also used in the treatment of Huntington’s disease. Various Animal models and transgenic models are available from which we can evaluate the potential of drugs used in Huntington’s disease. We summarize main papers for pathology, genetic basis for the Huntington’s disease and new approaches for the treatment of Huntington’s disease.

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Huntington’s disease (HD) is an autosomal inherited progressive neurodegenerative disease caused by a single mutation in the gene IT15 which codes for the protein huntingtin that result in an expanded polyglutamine stretch in the NH2 terminus of huntingtin protein (HTT). HD results from destruction of the GABAergic medium-sized spiny neurons (MSNs), which constitute 95% of all striatal neurons. MSNs are projection neurons that primarily innervate the substantia nigra and globus pallidus. Oxidative stress, apoptosis, mitochondrial and metabolic dysfunction, neuroinflammation, excitotoxicity, impaired ubiquitin proteosome activity, defective autophagy-lysosomal function, transcriptional dysregulation are considered to be major contributing factors in mediating pathogenesis of HD. BDNF, Glutamate and Nrf2 plays important role in Huntington’s disease. Oxidative stress can be decreased by increasing the concentration of BDNF and Nrf2. The prevalence of HD is much higher in European populations than in East Asia. HD affects approximately 5-10 individuals per 1, 00,000 individuals. There is no cure for Huntington’s disease, but various symptomatic treatments are available for it. Different drugs like SSRI, Lithium, and Memantine are available for symptomatic relief in Huntington’s disease. Terabenazine is only one FDA approved drug for Huntington’s disease. Now a day gene silencing therapies are available for Huntington’s disease. Various drugs like Autophagy enhancer, HDAC inhibitor, and Caspase inhibitor are also under the investigation which may become disease slowing treatment for Huntington’s disease. Stem cells also used in the treatment of Huntington’s disease. Various Animal models and transgenic models are available from which we can evaluate the potential of drugs used in Huntington’s disease. We summarize main papers for pathology, genetic basis for the Huntington’s disease and new approaches for the treatment of Huntington’s disease.