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SIMULTANEOUS SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC ESTIMATION OF ISONIAZID AND PYRIDOXINE

Anitha K*1, T. M. Kalyankar2, U. A. Khedkar2, R. B. Gholve2
1Department of Chemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Ananthapuram - 515003, Andhra Pradesh, India.

2School of Pharmacy, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded - 431606, Maharashtra, India.

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PHYTONUTRIENT COMPOSITION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF PROCESSED FLAXSEED

Dharshini¹, Dr.S.Sumayaa², Dr.T.Thirunalasundari ³

¹Research Scholar, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Thassim Beevi Abdul Kader College for Women, Kilakarai, Tamil Nadu, India.

²Head of the Department, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappali, Tamil Nadu, India.

³Principal, Thassim Beevi Abdul Kader College for Women, Kilakarai, Tamil Nadu, India.

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Flax is a nutraceutical with many nutritional benefits. Aside from the vitamins, minerals, fiber and protein it contains some primary and secondary metabolites. Flaxseed is a good source of omega-3 fatty acids. Through its high concentration of alpha-linolenic acid, flax provides more omega-3 fatty acids than any other grain. (57% of its fatty acids are omega-3s.) As the health revolution continues to evolve, look for it to be added to more and more processed foods to attain the health smart claim. Flaxseed (FS), a whole grain used as a nutritional supplement, has gained popularity because it is a rich source of natural antioxidants. Dietary intake of polyphenols has been associated to reduce risk of chronic diseases, such as heart disease, stress induced diabetes and cancer. This is probably due to their antioxidant properties. Many phenolic compounds have been detected in Flaxseed. Hence with the objectives to analyze the phytonutrient composition, assess the non-antioxidant enzymes vitamin A, E and C and find the antioxidant activity of processed flaxseed the study was carried out. The flaxseed was subjected to various methods of food processing like roasting, pressure cooking and soaking. The processed flaxseed was further analysed the primary and secondary metabolites and their antioxidants activity. This study does not show much variation in primary and secondary metabolites between the raw and roasted seeds. The acceptance and palatability was high in the case of roasted soybean and flaxseed because of their nutrients nutty flavour, colour and texture than the unprocessed seeds. Non- antioxidant enzymes, vitamin A, vitamin E and vitamin C content was high in both soaked and roasted flaxseed. Antioxidant activity was high in roasted and soaked flaxseed. Thus the presence of these phytonutrient and antioxidant activity of processed namely roasted and soaked flaxseeds indicates that, it has a potential of being used in formulations prepared for food consumption. Flaxseed could also be a remedy for the major killer diseases like cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.

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SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL EVALUATION OF 4-ARYL-8- ARYLIDENE-5,6-DIHYDRO-2-IMINO-6-METHOXY -4H,7H-[3,1]BENZOTHIAZINES

P.Bharath Rathna Kumar1, M.Srinivasa Murthy2* And K.N Jayaveera3

¹Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Oil Technological Research Institute- JNTUA, Ananthapuramu-515001, A.P, India,

²Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vignan Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Near Ramoji Film City, Deshmukhi-508284, A.P, India, 3Adept Pharma and Bioscience Excellence Pvt., Ltd., Hyderabad-500028, A.P, India.

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FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF MICROSPHERES FOR AN ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUGS COMBINATION OF LAMIVUDINE AND STAVUDINE

Narasimharao R¹ , Dr Prakash K²

¹Hits College of Pharmacy, Bogaram(V), Keesara (M), R.R (Dist).

²Nirmala College of Pharmacy, Mangalagiri, Guntur (Dist).

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IDENTIFICATION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS BY FTIR ANALYSIS AND IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF CLITORIA TERNATEA LEAF AND FLOWER EXTRACTS

CH.N.Durga Maha Lakshmi¹, B.Deva Prasad Raju², T.Madhavi¹and N.John Sushma^1*

1Department of Biotechnology,Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.

2Department of Future Studies,Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.

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CO-CRYSTALS: EMERGING APPROACH IN PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN

Rohan Ghadi¹, Aditya Ghuge², Suchita Ghumre², Nilkamal Waghmare², Dr. Vilasrao J Kadam².

¹National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Balanagar, Hyderabad, (Andhra Pradesh)

²Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Pharmacy, CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai, (Maharashtra)

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EFFECT OF PROCESS AND FORMULATION PARAMETERS ON PREDNISOLONE LOADED PLGA SUSTAINED RELEASE NANOPARTICLES: QUALITY BY DESIGN APPROACH

Rameshwari P. Darade*, Fatima J. Sayyad

Government college of pharmacy, Karad.

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The aim of current study was to optimize the effect of process and formulation parameters and to develop nanoparticulate drug delivery system to achieve sustained release of Prednisolone (PS) from a biodegradable polymer; PLGA. PS loaded PLGA nanoparticles were fabricated using nanoprecipitation technique with poloxamer 188 as a stabilizer. Quality by design approach was implemented to optimize effect of parameters and generate the design space using selected I-Optimal RSM design for design of experimentation (DoE) based on the risk assessment, an element of QbD approach. The effect of critical material; PLGA: Poloxamer 188 ratio and process parameter; stirring speed were linked to CQAs; particle size and % entrapment efficiency. The prepared PS loaded PLGA nanoparticles were characterized for particle size, polydispersity index (PDI) (Malvern Zetasizer ZS 90), entrapment efficiency, in-vitro diffusion study, DSC, XRD, SEM. Acceptance criteria for CQAs were considered as particle size in the range of 150-350 nm and entrapment efficiency in the range of 55-78.14 % w/w, which gave the design space with combination of selected critical parameters assuring robust formulation with desired Quality Target Product Profile (QTPP). PS loaded PLGA nanoparticles were spherical in shape, has narrow PDI. In-vitro diffusion study showed initial burst effect due to surface embedded drug and further gives sustained drug release which might be due to PLGA nanoparticles matrix system. Validation of model performed by comparing experimental values with predicted value of representative formulation within design space, confirming validity of generated mathematical model. Optimized formulations of PS loaded PLGA nanoparticles showed 78.14±0.20 % entrapment efficiency, particle size 173.7 nm with 0.103 PDI within design space which demonstrated effective drug delivery providing sustained drug release for a period of more than 4 weeks. Hence it can be concluded that QbD approach can be successfully implemented to optimize the effect of process and formulation parameters resulting the effective targeting of drug for long term therapy with PLGA as biodegradable polymer.

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STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS OF GASTRO-RETENTIVE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS

Ayesha Tariq¹, Irfan Bashir^1,2, Khalid Idrees Khan¹, Imtiaz Majeed¹, Nadiah Zafar³,Imran Sajid¹

¹University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.

²The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.

³University of Lyon, France.

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DENDRIMER: A NOVEL POLYMER AND TOOL FOR DRUG DELIVERY

Poonam P. Mane¹*, Vishvajeet S. Jadhav¹, Pradnya V. Humbe¹, Sarika C. Hakke²,Birudev B. Kale²

¹Department of Quality Assurance Techniques, Satara College of Pharmacy, Satara. (M. S.) India-415004.

²Department of Pharmaceutics, Satara College of Pharmacy, Satara, (M. S.) India-415004.

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SYNTHESIS OF SOME NEW COUMARIN INCORPORATED PYRAZOLINE DERIVATIVES AS ANTIBACTERIAL AGENTS

Alivelu Samala*¹, Santhosh Pawar¹, Maadwar Sasikala², Kishor Kumar Reddy. K³

¹Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Priyadarshini College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chowdaryguda, Ghatkesar, RR Dist-500088, A.P.

²Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry,

³Department of Pharmaceutics, Holy Mary Institute of Technology and Sciences, Bogaram, Keesara, RR Dist-500088, A.P.

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DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF RP-HPLC-PDA METHOD FOR THE ESTIMATION OF MACITENTAN IN BULK AND TABLET DOSAGE FORMS.

Aziz Unnisa^{1, 2*}, Syed. Sadath Ali³, Santosh Kumar.S¹

¹KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vijayawada-520010, Ap, India.

²Research scholar, Sunrise University, Alwar, Rajasthan, India.

³Azad institute of Pharmacy and research, Lucknow, India.

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DEVELOPMENT OF A VALIDATED SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHODS FOR THE QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF RETIGABINE IN BULK AND PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATIONS

P. Ravisankar^1*, Ch. Lokapavani¹, Ch. Devadasu¹, G. Devala Rao²

¹Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Quality Assurance, Vignan Pharmacy College, Vadlamudi, Guntur - 522 213, A. P, India.

²Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vijayawada-520 010, A. P, India.

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ORLISTAT FAST DISINTEGRATING MINI-TABLETS FOR THE TREATMENT OF OBESITY; FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION

Abdul Mannan^1* and K. Purushotham Rao²

¹Research Scholar, JJT University, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan, India.

²H.K.E’s Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gulbarga, Karnataka, India.

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ANTIDIABETIC AND WOUNDHEALING ACTIVITY OF STEM ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF CYPERUS ROTUNDUS IN ALLOXAN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

S. Silpa¹, Ayesha Takreem¹, V. L. Jaya Sekhar²

¹Anwarul Uloom College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, JNTUH, Telangana, India.

²St Johns College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Kakatiya University, Telangana, India.

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SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF (5,6-DIALKOXY-3-OXO-2,3-DIHYDRO-1H-INDEN-1-YL)ACETIC ACID ESTERS AS ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS WITH MUCH REDUCED GASTROINTESTINAL ULCEROGENIC POTENTIAL

Sudip Kumar Mandal¹ and Saumendra Mohan Ray² ^*

¹Dr. B. C. Roy College of Pharmacy & Allied Health Sciences, Dr. Meghnad Saha Sarani, Bidhannagar, Durgapur - 713206, West Bengal, India.

²Guru Nanak Institute of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, 157/F, Nilgunj Road, Panihati, Sodepur, Kolkata - 700114, West Bengal, India.

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GASTRORETENTIVE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM: A REVIEW

Ruqayya Nawaz¹,Sehrish Hayat¹, Ayesha Khursheed¹, Rukhsana Yusuf¹,Irfan Bashir²

¹Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.

²Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.

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METAGENOMICS OF PREBIOTIC AND PROBIOTIC SUPPLEMENTED BROILERS GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT MICROBIOME

Muhammad Umar Sohail¹, Michael E. Hume², Haseeb Anwar¹, Ghulam Hussain¹, Muhammad Zubair Shabbir³, David James Nisbet², Shakeel Ahmad⁴, and Zahid Kamran⁴

¹Department of Physiology, Government College University Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.

²Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Centre, USDA, ARS, College Station, TX 77845, USA.

³Quality Control Laboratory, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences,Lahore 54000, Pakistan.

⁴University College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, TheIslamia University, Bahalpur 63100, Pakistan.

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Phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states (PICRUSt) is a recently developed computational approach for prediction of metagenomics , comparing marker gene data with a reference genome database. In the current study, we used PICRUSt for predicting metagenomics in broilers subjected to heat stress, and supplemented with prebiotic and probiotic. Cecal digesta were taken for DNA extraction. DNA was sequenced using 16S rRNA pyrosequencing. Sequences were analyzed using Qiime and PICRUSt to predict metagenomics. Functional genes content inference was consigned according to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomics Orthology Hierarchy and compared using Linear Discriminant Analysis and the Kruskal-Wallis test. The core gene contents of broilers gut microbiome were predominantly associated with metabolism (52.3%) and environmental information processing (27.4%). Among metabolic processes, carbohydrates metabolism (20.0%) was highest, followed by xenobiotics (11.0%), amino acids (7.9%), and lipids metabolism (3.3%). The information processing gene included; membrane transportation (21.0%), signal transduction (3.1%), and signaling molecules interaction (3.2%). Other significant pathways identified in the broilers gut microbiome are genetic information (7.6%), cellular (0.86%), and organismal (0.21%) processes. About 12.3% genome in this study was unclassified. Among different treatment groups, genetic information processing was higher (P<0.05) in the probiotic supplemented group compared to all the other groups. However, no significant differences (P>0.05) were observed for other metabolic and cellular processes. In conclusion, the present study reveals that gut microbiome of broilers significantly contributes to the host metabolism and nutrients absorption, and the stress and supplements have no significant effects to change these functions.

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A HOSPITAL BASED EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF DEATHS DUE TO ORGANOPHOSPHORUS COMPOUND POISONING

S Peranantham¹, Kusa Kumar Shaha¹, Ajit Sahai², Siddhartha Das¹, G Manigandan¹, K Shanmugam¹

¹Forensic Medicine, JIPMER, Puducherry, India.

²Medical Biometrics and Informatics, JIPMER, Puducherry, India.

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SYNTHESIS AND ANTIOXIDANT, ANTIBACTERIAL, ANTIHYPERTENSIVE ACTIVITIES OF 8-HYDROXYQUINOLINE APPENDED WITH OXADIAZOLE AND TRIAZOLE RINGS

Ravikumar N. Naik, Shilpa C. Patil, Sudha. B. Satyanarayan*.

Department of Chemistry, Yuvaraja’s College, University of Mysore, Mysore- 570 005, Karnataka, India

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The aim of the present work was to design and synthesize 4-(4-bromophenyl)-5-((5-((quinolin-8-yloxy)methyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-ylthio)methyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol derivatives and evaluate them for in-vitro Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Antihypertensive activities against standards. Antioxidant properties by DPPH, 2-Deoxyribose assay and Lipid peroxidation assay against ascorbic acid, Mannitol and R-tocopherol standards were evaluated respectively. Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae were evaluated. Angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE-I) inhibition was studied by using standard lisinopril. 3 out of 10 synthesized compounds showed good in-vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activities. In antioxidant activity the compound 4d, which is 2-methyl 5,7-dichloro substitution on core 8-hydroxyquinoline showed least IC50(highest active) value i.e. 98.8 mg/ml in DPPH against 106.12 mg/ml of standard ascorbic acid, 127.2 mg/ml in 2-deoxyribose assay against 130.4 mg/ml of the standard mannitol and 131.6 mg/ml in lipid peroxidation assay against 138.81 mg/ml of standard R-tocopherol. Compounds 4b, 4c, 4a and 3d showed moderate antioxidant activity. The compounds 3d and 4d were found to have higher antimicrobial activity on E. coli and S. aureus. The compounds 4e, 4a and 4d showed % inhibition of 85.81, 68.53 and 55.66 at higher concentrations (1000 µg/µl) respectively when compared to standard lisinopril (73.33 % inhibition) in ACE-I inhibitory activity. Halo substituted 8-hydroxyquinoline moiety may be responsible for the effective antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Similarly methyl substituted 8-hydroxyquinoline moiety may be responsible for the effective ACE-I activity. Hence, further studies are also required to confirm the influence of electron withdrawing and donating group on the substitution moiety.

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FORMULATION OF ENTERIC TABLETS OF ESOMEPRAZOLE MAGNESIUM TRIHYDRATE USING A SYRINGE IN COATING PROCESS

N. Rama Rao, M. Eswar Gupta, P.Vineela*

Department of Pharmaceutics, Chalapathi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lam, Guntur.

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Esomeprazole Magnesium Trihydrate is a proton pump inhibitor, belongs to the group of benzimidazole, used for the treatment of gastric and duodenum ulcers. Esomeprazole undergoes degradation in acidic medium of the stomach, can be coated with enteric coating polymer that will safely deliver the drug in the small intestine. In this study an attempt was made to formulate and evaluate Esomeprazole enteric coated tablets. Different core tablets of Esomeprazole were prepared by direct compression using Starch as a disintegrant and microcrystalline cellulose as a filler. Core tablet of Formulation F3 was selected and coated with a seal coating dispersion of hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose and subsequently with a dispersion of enteric polymer such as hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose phthalate using a syringe, where coating dispersion was applied on to the tablets manually. Seal coating was applied to achieve 1% weight gain using hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose dispersion. Enteric coating was carried out using hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose phthalate dispersion to achieve a 10%, 20% and 30% weight gain. Enteric coated tablets with and without a seal coat, which gained a 30% weight gain after enteric coating with hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose phthalate were found to show a delayed release when tested for the dissolution. They were studied for their stability under long term and accerelerated conditions for about 3 weeks. The results indicated the necessity of a seal coat between core and enteric coat in the formulation. By using this method, tablets can be coated until an optimum weight gain is obtained to get a delayed drug release, hence reducing the over usage of materials. So, by utilizing this syringe method, a variety of enteric polymers can be coated onto seal coated esomeprazole magnesium trihydrate core tablets, which are stable and exhibit a delayed drug release.

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ROLE OF SPICES IN NEUROPSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS

Teena Kunwar, Neeraj Kumar, Preeti Kothiyal

M.Pharm Pharmacology, Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Technology and Sciences/ Uttarakhand Technical University, India.

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NEW SYNTHESIS OF 2-SUBSTITUTED 1,3-BENZOXAZIN-4-ONES

Khalid Widyan*

Department of Chemistry, Tafila Technical University, Tafila, Jordan.

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ANXIOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF PET - ETHER EXTRACT OF VANDA TESSELLATA ROXB.

Sireesha JV¹, Naveed altaf², Vijayal K¹ and Sailakshmi K¹

¹Department of pharmacology, Dr. V.R.K. Women's Medical College Teaching Hospital & Research Centre, Aziz Nagar, R.R. District, Telangana, India.

²Department of pharmacology, Shadhan Institute of Medical Sciences, R.R. District, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

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ROLE OF MAO INHIBITORS IN DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY

Priyanka Bhatt*, Arun Kumar, Preeti kothiyal

Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Technology and Sciences/Uttarakhand Technical University, India.

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INCIDENCE OF ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS IN THE INPATIENT DEPARTMENT OF INTERNAL MEDICINE AT AN INDIAN TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL

Sripada Ramam¹*, Meda Venkata Subbiah², Narottam Reddy³, Ruksana Begum Hakeem², Papudesi Alekhya², Kandula Ravindra Reddy⁴, Lilli Sailaja Gudimetla¹.

¹Department of Pharmacy practice, GIET School of Pharmacy, Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, India.

²Department of Pharmacy Practice, P.Rami Reddy Memorial College of Pharmacy, Kadapa, A.P, India.

³Department of Dermatology, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Kadapa, A.P, India.

⁴CES College of Pharmacy, Chinnatekur, Kurnool, A.P, India.

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ANTIOXIDANT AND HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF EXTRACTS OF FLOWERS OF TRIDAX PROCUMBENS LINN, AGAINST DGALECTOSAMINE INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN MALE WISTER ALBINO RATS

Nilesh A. Patel*¹, S.K.Vaidya¹, Shankul Kumar³, A.K.Prasad³, S.B.Bothara⁴

¹Department of pharmacology, C. U. Shah College of Pharmacy & Research, wadhwan, Gujarat.

²Department of pharmacognosy, SGSPS, IOP, Akola, Maharashtra.

³Department of pharmacology, GHB Pharmacy College, Aniyad, Gujarat.

⁴Department of pharmacology, Shri Bhagwan College of Pharmacy, Aurangabad, Maharashtra.

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SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF AMBRISENTAN AND TADALAFIL BY RPHPLC AND CLASSICAL UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHODS IN LABORATORY SAMPLE

Rucha Desai, Prachi Bhamre, Sadhana J. Rajput*

Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance Laboratory, Centre of Relevance and Excellence in Novel Drug Delivery System, Shri G H Patel Pharmacy Building, Pharmacy Department, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Fatehgunj, Vadodara-390 002, Gujarat, INDIA.

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STANDARDIZATION AND QUALITY CONTROL PARAMETERS OF SIDDHA POLY-MINERAL FORMULATION PANCHALAVANA THIRAAVAGAM

Gnanasundari M, Sathiyathilaga B, Velpandian V, Pitchiah Kumar M, Banumathi V

PG department of Gunapadam (Pharmacology), Govt. Siddha Medical College, Chennai-106, Tamilnadu, India.

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CHITIN AND DERIVATIVES AS ANTI-ALZHEIMER`S AGENTS

Aarti Sharma, Preeti Kothiyal

Pharmacology, Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Technology and Sciences/ Uttarakhand Technical University, India.

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Alzheimer’s is the most common cause of dementia in adult life and is associated with the selective damage of brain regions and neural circuits critical for memory and cognition. The neurons in the neocortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and the basal forebrain cholinergic system are the most affected brain regions. The major factors leading to Alzheimer`s are 1) amyloid plaque diposition in brain. 2) Disruption in the cholinergic activity. 3) Oxidative stress in brain 4) inflammation accompanying the disease. The continuing expansion of life expectancy, leading to a fast growing number of patients with Alzheimer’s disease, has led to an enormous increase in research focused on the discovery of drugs for primary, secondary or tertiary prevention of the disease. Despite all scientific efforts, at the moment, there are no effective pharmacotherapeutic options for prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. The subject of our study in this review is Chitin that is a naturally abundant polysaccharide. In fact, chitin is a constituent of the outer structure of insects, fungi and crustaceans. Chitin is also significant because of its relationship to some components of foods of animal, and fungal origin, and its potential medical and pharmaceutical uses. Current understanding of the role of chitin like polysaccharides in the pathogenesis of amyloid deposition of Alzheimer disease is developing fast. Polysaccharides may play a broader role in light of 1) the role of amyloid in Alzheimer disease pathogenesis. 2) anticholinesterase activity. 3) oxidative stress in Alzheimer`s disease and 4) inflammation accompanying the disease. Considering the side effects of synthetic neuroprotective agents, the search for natural neuroprotective agents has received great attention. Hence, the objective of this review is to discuss neuroprotective properties of chitin and its derivatives.