IAJPR

Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

ISSN NO.: 2231-6876
August 2011
1

Review Article: Novel Approach for Colon Targeted Drug Delivery

Mundhe Vinayak S*, Dodiya Shamsundar S.

Vedprakash Patil Pharmacy College, Paithan Road Aurangabad

Abstract

Colonic drug absorption, as an alternative to parenteral drug delivery, is evaluated for its potential advantages and limitations. Methodologies for studying and enhancing colonic drug absorption are discussed with emphasis on the biological and chemical nature of absorption barriers. Recent efforts at identifying factors that control colonic drug absorption and which might be exploited in a delivery scheme are described. Although oral delivery has become a widely accepted route of administration of therapeutic drugs, the gastrointestinal tract presents several formidable barriers to drug delivery. The delivery of drugs to the colon has a number of therapeutic implications in the field of drug delivery. In the recent times, the colon specific delivery systems are also gaining importance not only for local drug delivery of drugs but also for the systemic delivery of protein and peptide drugs. The various approaches that can be exploited to target the release of drug to colon include prodrug formation, coating with Ph sensitive polymers, coating with biodegradable polymers, embedding in biodegradable matrices, hydrogel, timed release systems, osmotic and bioadhesive systems. Solid formulations intended for targeted drug release into the lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract are beneficial for the localized treatment of several diseases and conditions, mainly inflammatory bowel diseases, irritable bowel syndrome and colon cancer. Also, because of their inherent potential to delay or avoid systemic drug absorption from the small intestine, colonic formulations can be utilized for chronotherapy of diseases which are affected by circadian biorhythms (e.g., asthma, hypertension and arthritis), and to achieve clinically relevant bioavailability of drugs that are poorly absorbed from the upper parts of the GI tract because of their polar nature and/or susceptibility to chemical and enzymatic degradation in the small intestine (e.g., proteins and peptides).

2

Design, Development & Evaluation of Controlled Release Solid Dosage Form of Lithium Carbonate

Dhaval Tripathi, A.K.Seth, Gajanan Deshmukh, Tejas.K.Ghelani, Sharad Kumar, S.P.Chauhan
Department of Pharmacy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Piparia, Vadodara, Gujarat 391670, India.

Abstract

Matrix of polymer/polymers is one the effective method for controlling the
release from the dosage form. There are various hydrophilic and
hydrophobic polymers which are used to control the drug release.
Combinational matrix of the polymers is one the best method to control the
drug release from solid dosage form. Combination of polyethylene oxide
(PEO) and hydroxyl ethyl cellulose (HEC) was used in experimental study.
The main goal of the study was to formulate the controlled release
formulation of lithium carbonate by variable concentration of PEO with
combination of different viscosity grades of HEC with different techniques
of granulation to. From the study, it was found that 9% of PEO with 5% of
HEC Natrosol HX (viscosity range: 1500 -2500 mPa s) with wet granulation
by water was suitable method for controlling the drug release up to 7 hours.

3

Evaluation of Lepidium sativum Mucilage as Suspending Agent in Paracetamol Suspension

Patrakar Ramling*, Patil Sachinkumar, Kamble suchita
Shree Santkrupa College of Pharmacy, Ghogaon (karad) Maharashtra, India – 415111

Abstract

Mucilages are polysaccharide complexes formed from sugar and uronic acid units.
Mucilages form slimy masses in water, are typically heterogeneous in composition. The
objectives of present investigation were to evaluate Lepidium sativum mucilage as a
suspending agent, compare this with suspension prepared by using tragacanth as a
suspending agent and marketed paracetamol suspension (Calpol 120 mg/ 5 ml), and study
the effect of mucilage concentration on in vitro dissolution rate of paracetamol. Suspensions
were prepared by using compound tragacanth powder and mucilage in different
concentrations (1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3% w/v). Suspensions were evaluated for pH,
sedimentation volume (F), redispersion, In vitro dissolution study and stability study. The
dried and coarsely powdered seeds of Lepidium Sativum yielded high percentage (30%
w/w) of dried mucilage. All formulations showed more than 80% drug release over a period
of 30 minutes. The suspensions were found to be stable during the study periods. There was
no any change in color, odor and taste was observed. The drug content in all the
suspensions was found to be within the limit.

4

METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR THE ASSAY OF GEMCITABINE HYDROCHLORIDE IN PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS BY RP-HPLC

R. MURALI KRISHNA*, M. RAMESH , M. BUELA , T. SIVA KUMARa
Department of pharmaceutical Analysis, Vijaya College of Pharmacy, Hayathnagar, Hyderabad (A.P) India.
aDepartment of pharmaceutical Chemistry, Nandha College of Pharmacy, ERODE (T.N) INDIA

Abstract

A simple and precise, rapid and accurate RP-HPLC method has been
developed and validated for the determination of gemcitabine hydrochloride in
pharmaceutical dosage forms. The chromatographic separation was achieved
on kromasil stainless column (150 X 4.6 mm, 5.0 μ particle size) using
acetonitrile : water (40 : 60), flow rate 1.0 mL/min. The analyte was
monitored using UV-Visible detector at 270 nm. The retention time of the
drug was 4.093 min for gemcitabine hydrochloride. The proposed method
was found to have linearity in the concentration range 80-120 μg/mL with
correlation coefficient of r2 = 0.999. The method was validated for linearity,
precision, LOD, LOQ and robustness. The proposed method was optimized
and validated as per the ICH guidelines.

5

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF DORSOLAMIDE HCL OCULAR INSERT

Ghelani TK*1, Seth AK1, Saini V2., Singhal S.3,Kumar S1, Yadav YC1
1Department of Pharmacy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Piparia, Dist.- Vadodara, Gujarat, India-391760
2MM College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, India-133207
3MJRP College of Health Care and Allied sciences, MJRP University, Achrol, Jaipur, Rajasthan-30300

Abstract

Matrix type of ocular insert was prepared using hydrophilic polymer PVP
K 30 in different concentration by solvent casting method. The
compatibility study of drug and polymer was performed by FTIR and DSC
study and results revealed that drug and polymer are compatible to each
other. Physicochemical evaluations like weight variation, thickness,
content uniformity, moisture absorption, moisture loss test were
performed. In vitro release study was carried out for all formulations and
overall results revealed that as concentration of polymer increases there
was slow release of Dorsolamide HCl occurred from the formulation.

6

A Review: Methods of Drug Targeting to the Brain

Shailesh Shah, A.K Seth, Nirmal Shah, Tejas Ghelani, Sahin P Chauhan
Department of Pharmacy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Piparia, Vadodara - 391760, Gujarat, India.

Abstract

Treating central nervous system diseases is very challenging because of the
presence of a variety of formidable obstacles that obstruct drug delivery.
The brain is very complicated as well as fragile organ and Nature has been
played a very efficient role to protect it. The brain is protected from many
toxic substances and various chemicals by the presence of two barriers
namely blood brain barrier (BBB) and blood cerebrospinal fluid barrier
(BCSFB). Various routes of drug targeting to the brain now become an
important tool in the pharmaceutical field because of many complicated
disease of the brain like Alzheimer, Huntington disease, epilepsy etc.
Therefore various routes like craniotomy, osmotic disruption, colloidal drug
delivery, intranasal route of administration and nanotechnology have been
proposed to favors brain drug delivery. Novel drug delivery is the decisive
part of this review. This review includes general methods that can enhance
drug delivery to the brain and discussed the appropriate route by which such
a drug delivery can be possible.

7

In Vitro Study Of Indirect Mechanism of Plant Growth Promotion

Ardhapurkar N A*, Manwar A. V.
*Department of Microbiology, Dnyanopasak College, Parbhani, (MS) India

Abstract

Nine isolates of soil bacteria were tested in vitro. Parameters assessed were HCN
production, volatile compound production, production of non-volatile diffusible metabolite,
protease enzyme production, antagonistic effect on phytopathogen. HCN production was
tested qualitatively by picric acid and ammonium carbonate reagent and antagonistic
activity is tested against stem rot causing pathogen sclerotium A. niger and A. flavus by dual
culture technique. None of the culture showed HCN production and volatile compound
production activity. Six cultures isolates NM/S3/NA, NM/S4/NA, NM/S6/NA, NM/S7/NA,
NM/R2/RA NM/R3/RA showed protease production All cultures showed production of the
non-volatile diffusible metabolite having inhibiting effect on phytopathogen A. niger
whereas none of the bacterial isolates showed production of the non-volatile diffusible
metabolite having inhibiting effect on phytopathogen A. flavus and Sclerotium. After three
days of inoculation. The effect diluted after third day. Maximum inhibition showed by
NM/S3/NA and minimum inhibition showed by NM/S1/CA and NM/S8/CA. Antagonistic
activity is shown by culture NM/R3/RA against phytopathogen A. niger whilecultures
NM/S4/NA, NM/S5/NA, NM/R2/RA showed minimum antagonistic activity as they are
touching to the culture against phytopathogen A. flavus. None of the culture showed
antagonistic activity against Sclerotium.

8

PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF HERBAL TOOTH POWDER COMPOSED OF HERBAL DRUGS WITH ANTIMICROBIAL SCREENING

Pawar C. R.* Gaikwad A. A. and Kadtan R.B.
S.N.D.College of Pharmacy, Babhulgaon, Yeola-423401, Dist- Nashik. (MS), India.

Abstract

The medicinal plant clove is famous for its dental analgeic potential in the
herbal world is concerned. Apart from this, the ginger, asafoetida, amla,
ajowan, pepper, neem bark, acacia bark, alum, mentha leaf and mustard oil
were used and the formulation of herbal tooth powder was carried out. The
extracts prepared using cold maceration techniques were subjected to
qualitative chemical analysis. The evaluation of herbal tooth powder was
done and results found to be within the limits. The extracts were screened
for its antimicrobial activity by Agar well diffusion method against
Escherchia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and
Candida albicans. The alcoholic extract showed antimicrobial activity with
the zone of 8 mm. This proves that the extract can be useful to treat the
dental caries and dental plague with the scientific documentation.